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A Sysadmin's Unixersal Translator (ROSETTA STONE) OR   What do they call that in this world?

Contributions and corrections gratefully accepted. Please help us fill in the blanks. New "tasks" are welcome, too!
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Framed version.
OS versions in parentheses; e.g. 10+ means version 10 and greater; 9- means version 9 and previous. $=extra cost
If not specified, commands are in one of the following directories: /usr/bin, /usr/sbin, /sbin, /bin
Files referenced may be either commands, configuration files, or directly-referenced text files. Use the man command to read the man pages for details such as command options.
Categories:

hardware, firmware, devices disks kernel, boot, swap files, volumes
networking security, backup software, patching, tracing, logging references
TASK \ OS  AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux
 NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare
 Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
 Ultrix UNICOS OS / TASK 
OS notes By IBM, with input from System V, BSD, etc. etc. Runs mainly on IBM RS/6000 and related hardware. The Open Source foundation for Mac OS X, descended from NeXTStep Data General was aquired by EMC in 1999. Derived from 4.4BSD-Lite and 386BSD. This table does not include external packages from /usr/ports. Hewlett-Packard. SGI. SVR4-based (rh) = Red Hat,
Mandrake, Suse,...
(deb) = Debian, Libranet,...
(mand) = Mandrake
(SuSE) = SuSE		 aka MP-RAS Derived from 4.4BSD-Lite and 386BSD. This table does not include external packages from /usr/pkg. Forked from NetBSD in 1995. Security emphasis. This table does not include external packages from /usr/ports. Fujitsu Siemens. Based on DC/OSX from Pyramid, SINIX
from Siemens, and SVR4. To be replaced with Solaris by 2008.		 SCO UnixWare 7.0.1& SCO UnixWare 7.1.1 became Caldera Open Unix and later became SCO again. Solaris 2.0-2.6, 7, 8, 9
(SunOS 5.*)
SVR4-based		 Solaris 1.*
BSD-based 		(Digital Unix, OSF/1)
(4)= 4.0F/G
(5)= 5.0A 		An early DEC Unix, superceded by Digital Unix (now Tru64). Cray Inc., formed from the March 2000 merger of Tera Computer Company and Cray Research OS notes
administrative GUI smit
smitty
wsm 		Aqua: System Preferences, NetInfo Manager sysadm /stand/sysinstall
pw
adduser rmuser
vipw
chpass 		sam  /usr/sysadm/bin/sysmgr (6.3+)
toolchest
/usr/Cadmin/bin/* 		(rh, FC2+, RHEL4+) system-config*
(rh) redhat-config*
linuxconf (obsolete)
(SuSE) yast2
(deb) dpkg-reconfigure
(mand) drakconf		 sysadm sushi ?

sysadm
WebSysAdmin

 scoadmin

solstice
admintool
smc (8 01/01+)

 ? checklist
(5) sysman		 ? checklist
/etc/install/install
xmenu 		administrative GUI
managing users lsuser
mkuser
chuser
rmuser		 Aqua: System
Preferences / Accounts
niutil 		useradd
userdel
 adduser
rmuser
pw
vipw 		useradd
userdel
usermod

/usr/sysadm/privbin/
addUserAccount

passmgmt

/usr/Cadmin/bin/cpeople

useradd
userdel
adduser

 useradd
userdel
usermod
sysadm 		useradd
userdel
userinfo
usermod
user 		useradd
userdel
adduser (interactive)		 sysadm
useradd
userdel 		scoadmin
useradd
userdel
 useradd
userdel
usermod
/usr/sadm/bin/smuser (9+)
groupadd 		edit /etc/passwd and create home directory

useradd
adduser
userdel
removeuser

adduser
removeuser 		xadmin
udbgen
udbrstrict
nu scripts		 managing users
TASK \ OS  AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux
 NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare
 Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
 Ultrix UNICOS OS / TASK 
list hardware configuration
 prtconf
lscfg
lsattr
lsdev 		hostinfo
ioreg -bls
system_profiler
dg_sysreport -g hardware dmesg
cat /var/run/dmesg.boot
pciconf -l
eeprom (SPARC only)

ioscan
dmesg (if you're lucky)
adb
model
stm (from the SupportPlus CDROM)
bdf (like most vendors' df)
getconf
machinfo

hinv

dmesg (if you're lucky)
/proc/*
lshw
dmidecode
lspci
lspnp
lsusb
lsmod
(SuSE) hwinfo

 prtconf
devstat
machinetype
more /etc/.osm		 dmesg
more
/var/run/dmesg.boot
cat /kern/msgbuf		 dmesg
cat /var/run/dmesg.boot

autoconf -l
showconf
uname -p
uname -M
mpcntl -I

hwconfig
hw
scoadmin/DCU

/usr/lib/X11/testtools/
z35SysInfo

prtconf -v
/usr/platform/`uname -i`/
sbin/prtdiag -v (sun4u and sun4d only)
arch -k
psrinfo -v
isainfo -v
dmesg
iostat -En
prtfru
cfgadm -l
/etc/path_to_inst

dmesg (if you're lucky) 

dia -R full
vmstat -P
hwmgr -get category
(5) hwmgr -show
devices
psrinfo
pset_info
sys_check
/usr/bin/X11/dxsysinfo

?

machid
getconf
uname -a

 list hardware configuration 
show/set
EEPROM/NVRAM
values		 bootlist -o -m normal
 nvram dg_sysctl |
grep BOOTPATH		 ? setboot
stm		 nvram
printenv/setenv (at command monitor)		 /dev/nvram (if you have it)
hwclock
nvsetenv 		  eeprom openprom (on
OpenFirmware
architectures)		 in bdm
(at boot stop
or ctrl-a)		 ? eeprom eeprom (4.0D+) consvar ? ? show/set
EEPROM/NVRAM
values
add device without reboot cfgmgr -v (automatic — autdodiskmounter) N/A camcontrol
atacontrol
kldload

ioscan -fnCdevtype;
insf -Cdevtype

 scsiha -pr
ioconfig -f /hw
scsiadminswap
-b bus -p
modprobe
kerneld
insmod
hotplug
cardctl
 devmgmt
mktable 		scsictl
atactl 		? reinitdev
changedev 		mkdev devfsadm. pre-Solaris 7 HW 11/99, use:
drvconfig; devlinks; {disks, tapes, ports}		 MKDEV

(3.2.*) scu scan edt
(4.0) scu scan edt; disklabel -rw rzXX label (for disks)
(5.x) dsfmgr -k; disklabel -rw dskn auto
hwmgr -scan scsi

 ? ? add device without reboot
tape device /dev/rmt0 ? /dev/rmt/0 /dev/rsa0 /dev/rmt/0m /dev/tape
/dev/nrtape 		/dev/st0 /dev/rmt/c* /dev/st0 /dev/st0 /dev/ios0/rstape001
autoconf -1 |
grep TAPE		 /dev/rct0 /dev/rmt/0 /dev/rst0 (5.x) /dev/ntape /dev/tape /dev/nrmtXh where n=non-rewinding, X a number, h=density tpmnt tape device
stdin/ stdout/ stderr ? /dev/fd/[012] ? /dev/fd/[012] ? /dev/fd/[012] /dev/fd/[012] ? ? ? ? ? /dev/fd/[012] ? ?      
X kvm config ? ? ? xf86config itemap ? xf86config
XFree86 -configure
redhat-config-xfree86
/etc/X11/?dm 		  xf86config
xf86cfg
XFree86 -configure		 ? ? hwconfig kdmconfig (x86)
fbconfig; m64config; (etc.)		 ? ? ? ? X kvm config
TASK \ OS  AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux
 NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare
 Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
 Ultrix UNICOS OS / TASK 
read a disk label  lspv -l pdisk rawDev -dump
Disk Utility		 admpdisk -o list
admvdisk -o list		 disklabel -r diskinfo
pvdisplay 		prtvtoc fdisk -l prtvtoc disklabel -r
disk
mbrlabel
fdisk 		fdisk -r OR disklabel -rl dkpart -l fsname prtvtoc dkinfo disklabel -r chpt -q ? read a disk label 
whole disk in partition  N/A (non-root partitions are mounted under /Volumes) ? c ? 10 /dev/hda (e.g. if /dev/hda1
is a partition)		 s0 c or d
sysctl kern.rawpartition 		c /dev/ios0/rsdisk???s7
(???=000-999) 		/dev/1s# (#=0,1,...) 2 c c c ? whole disk in partition 
label a disk  mkvg (labels unused) admpdisk fdisk
disklabel -wr
sysinstall 		pvcreate

dvhtool
fx -x

 cfdisk
fdisk
e2label

sysadm
fdisk
edvtoc
prtvtoc
mkpart
updatescsi
labelit

 disklabel -wr
mbrlabel 		disklabel -wr dksetup divvy format
prtvtoc 		 format disklabel -rw chpt -a /etc/labelit label a disk 
partition a disk  mklv pdisk admpdisk fdisk
sysinstall 		lvcreate
sam 		fx parted (if you have it)
fdisk
pdisk (on a MAC)
(deb) mac-fdisk (on a MAC)
(mand) diskdrake		 fdisk disklabel -i fdisk -e OR disklabel -E dkpart -e divvy format
fmthard		 format disklabel -e chpt -p /etc/install/install partition a disk 
TASK \ OS  AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux
 NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare
 Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
 Ultrix UNICOS OS / TASK 
kernel /unix /mach_kernel /dgux /kernel
/boot/kernel/kernel		 /hpux (9)
/stand/vmunix (10+)		 /unix

/boot/vmlinuz*
/boot/bootlx

(see /etc/lilo.conf or /boot/grub/menu.lst)

 /unix
/stand/unix		 /netbsd /bsd

/unix

/stand/unix

 /unix /kernel/genunix
/platform/`uname -m`/
 kernel/unix
/platform/`uname -m`/
 kernel/sparcv9/unix (7+) 		/vmunix /vmunix /vmunix /unicos kernel
show/set kernel parameters /usr/samples/kernel/vmtune
(installed with the bos
adt.samples fileset)
/usr/sbin/no (network-related)
/usr/sbin/sysctl vi /var/Build/
system.hostname;;
reboot

/boot/kernel.conf
/boot/loader.conf
sysctl
/etc/sysctl.conf

sam
sysdef
kmtune (11+)
getconf		 systune /proc/*
/proc/sys/*
sysctl
/etc/sysctl.conf 		sysdef
getconf
/etc/conf/cf.d/
quicktune.cfg 		sysctl
/etc/sysctl.conf 		sysctl
/etc/sysctl.conf		 idtune
cat /etc/opt/cf.d/stune
cat /etc/opt/cf.d/mtune
sysdef -i		 /etc/conf/cf.d/configure -x

sysdef
getconf
cat /etc/system
ndd
adb -k

adb

/usr/kvm/sys/
`arch -k`/conf

dxkerneltuner
sysconfig 		adb
kdb		 ? show/set kernel parameters
make disk bootable bosboot -a bless dg_sysctl boot0cfg
disklabel 		mkboot dvhtool

(rh) mkbootdisk
(deb) fdisk -A
(and lilo to manipulate mbr)

 dklayout fdisk -i
installboot 		? dksetup ? installboot /usr/platform/
`uname -m`
/lib/fs/ufs/bootblk raw_device_file		 /usr/kvm/mdec
installboot [-hltv]
protobootblk
bootdevice 		(4.x+) disklabel -rw -t [ufs|advfs] ? ? make disk bootable
startup scripts  /etc/rc* /System/Library/
StartupItems/*,
/Library/StartupItems/,
/etc/rc*		 /etc/rc* /etc/rc* (4-)
/etc/rc.d/* (5+)
/usr/local/etc/rc.d/*

/etc/rc* (9)

/etc/rc.config.d (preferred)
/sbin/rc* (10+)
/sbin/init.d/

 /etc/rc*
/etc/init.d/ 		/etc/rc* (but may vary)
/etc/init.d/

/etc/rc*
/etc/init.d

 
/etc/rc
/etc/rc.*
/etc/rc.d/* 		 
/etc/rc*		 /etc/rc* /etc/rc* /etc/rc*
/etc/init.d/ 		/etc/rc* /sbin/init.d; links in /sbin/rc?.d /etc/rc* ? startup scripts 
run levels 1
*=normal states
for more detail
see
www.phildev.net/runlevels.html		 2: multiuser
6: reboot		 ? ? -1*: permanently insecure
0: insecure
1: secure
2: highly secure
3: network secure		 0: shut down
s,S: single-user
1: sys admin
2: multiuser
3*: share NFS
4*: start GUI
5: user-defined
6: user-defined		 0: power-down
s,S: single-user
1: sys admin
2: multiuser (no NFS)
3*: multiuser
4: user-defined
5: firmware monitor		 (set in /etc/inittab)
0: halt
s,S,1: vendor-dependent
1: single-user
2-5*: multiuser
6: reboot		 (set in /etc/inittab)
0: shutdown
s,S: single-user
1: sys admin
2*: multi-user
3: share NFS
4: user-defined
5: firmware
6: reboot
 -1: permanently insecure
0*: insecure
1*: secure
2: highly secure		 -1: permanently
insecure
0*: insecure
1*: secure
2: highly secure		 0: power-down
s,S: single-user
1: sys admin
2*: multiuser
3+4*: user-defined
5: firmware update
6: reboot		 ?

0: firmware monitor
s,S: single-user
1: sys admin
2: multiuser
3*: share NFS
4*: user-defined
5: power-down if possible
6: reboot

 ? 0: shut down
1: single user
2: multi-user, no NFS
3: multi-user
6: reboot		 0: shut down
1: single user
2: multi-user, no NFS
3: multi-user
6: reboot		 ?

run levels 1
*=normal states
for more detail
see
www.phildev.net/runlevels.html
show runlevel 1 who -r (runlevels unused) who -r sysctl kern.securelevel who -r who -r /sbin/runlevel who -r sysctl kern.securelevel sysctl kern.securelevel who -r who -r who -r ? who -r ? who -r show runlevel 1
time zone info /etc/environment ($TZ) /usr/share/zoneinfo/ ? /etc/localtime
/usr/share/zoneinfo 		/usr/lib/tztab /usr/lib/locale/TZ/ /usr/share/zoneinfo/ /usr/lib/locale/TZ /usr/share/zoneinfo/ /usr/share/zoneinfo/
/etc/localtime 		? ? /usr/share/lib/zoneinfo/ ? /etc/zoneinfo ? ? time zone info
check swap space  lsps -a ls -l /var/vm
vm_stat 		admswap -o list -buv
dg_sysreport -p freeswap
systat -swap		 swapinfo
pstat -s		 swapinfo swap -s
swap -l		 swapon -s
cat /proc/meminfo
cat /proc/swaps
free 		swap -s
swap -l
sar -r		 swapctl -l swapctl swap -s
swap -l		 swap -l swap -s
swap -l		 pstat -s swapon -s ? /etc/swapper check swap space 
TASK \ OS  AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux
 NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare
 Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
 Ultrix UNICOS OS / TASK 
"normal" filesystem  jfs ufs
hfs+ 		dg/ux ufs/ffs/ufs2 (5+)
ext2

hfs
vxfs (11.0+)

 efs, xfs ext2
ext3
ReiserFS 		vxfs ffs (was ufs) ffs (was ufs) vxfs
ufs (root)		 htfs ufs 4.2

(4) ufs
(5) AdvFS

 ufs NC1FS
C2FS 		"normal" filesystem 
volume-based filesystem  jfs ? ?

ccd
vinum
geom (5+)

jfs (vxfs)
LVM
VxVM ($)		 xlv, xvm, xfs LVM, LVM2
EVMS
VxVM ($) 		vdisk
VxVM
ccd, raidframe
ccd
raid 		vdisk vdisk Solstice DiskSuite
VxVM ($)		 ? Advfs
LSM 		N/A ? volume-based filesystem 
file system
description		 /etc/filesystems NetInfo /etc/fstab /etc/fstab /etc/checklist
(9) 
/etc/fstab
(10+)		 /etc/fstab  /etc/fstab /etc/vfstab /etc/fstab /etc/fstab /etc/vfstab
/etc/dktab

/etc/mnttab
/etc/default/filesys
/etc/vfstab (local)
/etc/rmtab (remote)

 /etc/vfstab (local) /etc/fstab /etc/fstab
AdvFS: /etc/fdmns 		/etc/fstab /etc/fstab file system
description
volume manipulation

smitty vg
smitty lvm
smitty jfs
mkvg; chvg; rmvg
mklv; chlv; rmlv
mkfs; crfs; rmfs

 Disk Utility / pdisk sysadm

vinum
ccdconfig
geom (5.3+)
gstripe (5.3+)
gmirror (5.3+)
graid3 (5.3+)

 vg*; lv*; pv*
extendfs
fsadm

xlv_mgr
xvm

e2fsadm
lvcreate
lvremove
lvextend 		vxva ccdconfig
raidctl		 ccdconfig
raidctl 		dkconfig
dkmirror
dkmap 		?

meta*
(Solstice DiskSuite;
Solaris Volume Mgr (9+))
(7-, found in
/usr/opt/SUNWmd/
 sbin/)

/opt/VRTSvxva/bin/vxva
(Veritas Volume Mgr) ($)

 ? AdvFS: mkfdmn, mkfset, addvol, showfdmn
LSM: volassist or volmake, volume, volplex and volsd, volprint		 ? /etc/install/install volume manipulation
create filesystem crfs newfs
newfs_hfs
newfs_mdos		 admfilesystem newfs mkfs
newfs 		mkfs mke2fs
mkreiserfs
mkdosfs 		mkfs newfs
makefs 		newfs mkfs
newfs 		divvy newfs
mkfs 		newfs
mkfs 		AdvFS: mkfdmn
UFS: newfs
MFS: mfs		 newfs
mkfs 		bb
mkfs
labelit		 create filesystem
file system debugging and recovery dfsck
fsck
fsdb 		fsck
fsdb
clri 		? fsck
fsdb
clri 		fsck
fsdb		 fsck
fsdb
clri		 fsck
debugfs
e2undel 		? fsck
fsdb
clri		 fsck
fsdb
clri		 ? fsck
fsdb		 fsck
fsdb
clri		 ? ? ? ? file system debugging and recovery
create non-0-length empty file lmktemp mkfile
dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024 count=desired		 ? truncate -s size[K|M|G] filename
dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=size[b|k|m|g] \
count=desired		 prealloc mkfile dd if=/dev/zero of=filename
bs=1024k count=desired		 dd if=/dev/zero
of=filename bs=1024
count=desired		 dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1m count=desired dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024k count=desired mkfile
dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1k		 dd if=/dev/zero of=filenmae bs=1024 count=desired mkfile mkfile dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024k count=desired ? ? create non-0-length empty file
mount CDROM

mount -v cdrfs -o ro
/dev/cd0 /cdrom

smitty cdrom

 (automatic — autdodiskmounter) mount -t cdrom
/dev/pdsk/disk/cdrom		 mount /cdrom
mount_cd9660		 pfs_mountd
pfsd
pfs_mount
mount /dev/dsk/cxtydz
/SD_CDROM 		(mounts automatically when CD inserted) mount /mnt/cdrom
(deb) mount /cdrom 		mount -F cdfs
/dev/cdrom/cdromX
/cdrom		 mount -t cd9660 -o ro /dev/cd0a path mount -t cd9660 -r /dev/cd0a path mount -F hs ...
sysadm 		mount /dev/cd0 path /etc/init.d/vold start; volcheck or
mount -F hsfs -o ro /dev/dsk/c0t6d0s2 /cdrom		 mount -t hsfs -r
/dev/sr0 /cdrom

mount /dev/disk/cdromXa
/mnt
mount -t cdfs -o noversion /dev/disk/cdrom3c /cdrom

? ? mount CDROM
create/mount ISO image ? hdiutil ? mdconfig; mount ? ?

mkisofs

mount -o loop pathToIso
mountPoint

? ? ? ? ? mkisofs;cdrecord;mount ? ? ? ? create/mount ISO image
ACL management aclget
aclput
acledit
ls -e		 ? ? ? lsacl
chacl
getacl
setacl 		? getfacl
setfacl 		? ? ? ? ? getfacl
setfacl 		? ? ? ? ACL management
TASK \ OS  AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux
 NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare
 Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
 Ultrix UNICOS OS / TASK 
NFS share definitions /etc/exports
/etc/xtab 		NetInfo: /exports
Netinfo: /config/SharePoints		 /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/dfs/dfstab
dfshares		 /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/dfs/dfstab
/etc/dfs/sharetab		 /etc/exports /etc/dfs/dfstab
dfshares 		/etc/exports /etc/exports ? /etc/exports NFS share definitions
NFS share command exportfs -a kill -s HUP `cat /var/run/mountd.pid` exportfs -a kill -s HUP `cat /var/run/mountd.pid` exportfs -a exportfs -a /etc/init.d/nfs-server reload
(rh) exportfs -a		 share
shareall 		kill -s HUP `cat /var/run/mountd.pid`
/etc/rc.d/mountd reload 		kill -HUP `cat /var/run/mountd.pid` share
shareall		 exportfs -a
/etc/nfs start		 share
shareall		 exportfs -a /sbin/init.d/nfs start; /sbin/init.d/nfsmount start ? exportfs -a NFS share command
NFS information ? ? ? nfsstat nfsstat ? cat /proc/mounts ? ? ? ? ?

showmount
nfsstat

 ? ? ? ? NFS information
name resolution order /etc/netsvc.conf NetInfo /etc/netsvc.conf /etc/host.conf (4-)
/etc/nsswitch.conf (5+)		 /etc/nsswitch.conf 6+: /etc/nsswitch.conf
5.3: /etc/resolv.conf		 /etc/nsswitch.conf
/etc/resolv.conf		 tcpconfig
/etc/netconfig 		/etc/nsswitch.conf
/etc/resolv.conf (obsolete)		 /etc/resolv.conf /etc/netconfig ? /etc/nsswitch.conf
getent 		(hardcoded
into libc)

/etc/nsswitch.conf
/etc/svc.conf (obsolete)

 ? /etc/hosts.usenamed name resolution order
show network interface info ifconfig -a
no -a
netstat -i
lsattr -E -l entX		 ifconfig -a netstat -i
ifconfig 		ifconfig -a lanadmin
landiag
lanscan
netstat -in
ifconfig lanx		 ifconfig -a
netstat -ia		 ifconfig
ethtool 		ifconfig -a
ildconfig
netstat -in		 ifconfig -a
netstat -in		 ifconfig -A ifconfig -a
inetstat -in
etherstat
cmxinfo

ifconfig -a
netstat -in
Network Config. Mgr. (GUI)

 ndd
ifconfig -a
netstat -in
(8+) kstat -n hme0 | egrep 'ifspeed|duplex' 		ifconfig -a

ifconfig -a
netstat -in

 ifconfig ifconfig -a
netstat -in		 show network interface info
change IP

smitty chinet

chdev -a netaddr=
newIP -I en#

 System Preferences: Network
NetInfo		 sysadm edit /etc/rc.conf (option ifconfig_interfacename)

ifconfig		 /sbin/set_parms initial
ifconfig 		edit: /etc/{hosts,
sys_id,
resolv.conf,
TIMEZONE},
/etc/config/
{static-route.options,
ifconfig-1.options};
reboot

(rh) edit: /etc/hosts,
/etc/sysconfig/network,
/etc/sysconfig/
network-scripts/
ifcfg-eth0
(deb) edit
/etc/network/interfaces;
/etc/init.d/networking
restart

 ifconfig
tcpconfig

edit /etc/ifconfig.interface

edit /etc/rc.conf (ifconfig*)

 edit /etc/hostname.driver sysadm
ifconfig (temp.)
vi /etc/default/inet

ifconfig

netconfig

edit: /etc/{resolv.conf, hosts, hostname.*, netmasks, nodename,
dumpadm.conf, net/*/hosts}

sys-unconfig; reboot

 edit /etc/hosts
/etc/hostname.* 		(4.x) netsetup
(5.x) sysman net_wizard or
netconfig		 ?

netconfig
ifconfig
initif

/etc/install/install

 change IP
start DHCP client ? ? ? dhclient ? ? dhcpcd ? dhclient ? ? ? ifconfig interface dhcp ? ? ? ? start DHCP client
ping one packet   ping -c 1 hostname  ping -c 1 hostname ping -s -c 1 hostname  ping -c 1 hostname  ping hostname 10 1 (9)
ping hostname -n 1 (10+)		 ping -c 1 hostname   ping -c 1 hostname ping -c 1 hostname  ping -c 1 hostname  ping -c 1 hostname ping -c 1 hostname ping -c 1 hostname ping hostname  packetsize 1 ping hostname
packetsize 1		 ping -c 1
 		 ? ping hostname ping one packet 
sniff network iptrace
ipreport		 tcpdump ? tcpdump

nettl
netfmt

snoop
tcpdump 		etherfind
tcpdump
ethereal
etherape		 tcpdump
 tcpdump tcpdump tcpdump ? snoop etherfind tcpdump ? ? sniff network
route definitions  netstat -r
smitty route		 netstat -r sysadm edit /etc/rc.conf (option defaultrouter)
netstat -r
route		 /etc/rc.config.d/netconf
netstat -r 		/etc/config/
static-route.options		 route
(rh) /etc/sysconfig/network
(rh) /etc/sysconfig/static-routes
(deb) /etc/init.d/network
(deb) /etc/network		 tcpconfig
/etc/inet/defaultrouter
/etc/inet/gate*
netstat -r

netstat -r
route show
/etc/rc.conf
/etc/mygate

netstat -r

route show

 netstat -r netstat -r

/etc/defaultrouter
/etc/notrouter
/etc/gateways
in.routed
netstat -r
route add

 /etc/defaultrouter
(kernel tweak or
adb to diable
forwarding) 		/etc/routes ? netstat -r route definitions 
telnetd, ftpd banner /etc/security/login.cfg /etc/ftpwelcome ? /etc/ftpwelcome /etc/inetd.conf (telnet) /etc/issue /etc/issue.net (telnet)
(ftp varies; can use tcp wrappers)		 /etc/issue
~ftp/etc/issue
~ftp/etc/msgs/welcome		 /etc/motd
/etc/ftpwelcome
/etc/issue if enabled via if= in /etc/gettytab
 /etc/issue.net
/etc/ftpwelcome 		/etc/issue ? /etc/default/telnetd
/etc/default/ftpd		 n/a /etc/issue ? /etc/issue
/etc/motd 		telnetd, ftpd banner
TASK \ OS  AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux
 NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare
 Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
 Ultrix UNICOS OS / TASK 
encrypted passwords in  /etc/security/passwd NetInfo /etc/shadow /etc/master.passwd /etc/passwd (not Trusted)
/.secure/etc/passwd (Trusted 9)
/tcb/files/auth/
(10+)
/etc/shadow (11.22+)		 /etc/shadow /etc/shadow (may vary) /etc/shadow /etc/master.passwd (/etc/spwd.db) /etc/master.passwd (/etc/pwd.db) /etc/shadow /etc/shadow /etc/shadow /etc/passwd /tcb/files/auth (only with Enhanced Security) /etc/shadow /etc/udb encrypted passwords in 
allow/deny root
logins		 /etc/security/user /etc/ttys (doesn't affect ssh) /etc/default/login /etc/login.access;
/etc/ttys		  /etc/securetty  /etc/default/login /etc/securetty /etc/default/login /etc/ttys /etc/ttys /etc/default/login /dev/default/login /etc/default/login /dev/ttytab /etc/securettys /etc/securettys udbrestrict -R allow/deny root
logins
firewall config ? Aqua / System Prefs /
 Sharing / Firewall		 ? ipfw
ipf
pf 		/etc/opt/ipf/ipf.conf /etc/ipf.conf iptables
ipchains
ipfwadm
(rh) redhat-config-
securitylevel 		? /etc/ipf.conf
/etc/ipf6.conf 		pfctl
/etc/pf.conf 		? ? (9+) /usr/aset/ ? ? ? ? firewall config
TASK \ OS  AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux
 NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare
 Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
 Ultrix UNICOS OS / TASK 
show installed software  lslpp -L

ls /Applications
Apple System Profiler
system_profiler
ls /Network/Applications
/Network/Users/*/
Applications
/Users/*/Applications

 pkginfo pkg_info
ls /var/db/pkg


 rmfn, what (HP-UX 9)
swlist (HP-UX 10+)

versions
showfiles
showprods

(rh) rpm -a -i
(rh) rpm -qa
(rh) yum list installed
(deb) dselect
(deb) aptitude
(deb) dpkg -l		 displaypkg
pkginfo 		 pkg_info  pkg_info pkginfo -l
sysadm

swconfig
displaypkg
pkginfo

pkginfo
prodreg
admintool
/var/sadm/install/contents		 ? setld -i ? ? show installed software 
add software

smitty install_all
smitty installp

/usr/lib/instl/sm_inst
installp_cmd -a
-d 'device' '-c' '-N' '-g' '-X'

 installpkg
drag-and-drop		 sysadm /stand/sysinstall
/usr/ports make
pkg_add
portinstall (from /usr/ports)
swinstall inst
swmgr 		(rh) rpm -hiv
(rh) yum install pkg
(deb) dselect
(deb) apt-get install pkg
(deb) dpkg -i
 pkgadd
pkgplus 		pkg_add
/usr/pkgsrc && make		 pkg_add
/usr/ports && make		 pkgadd
sysadm

custom
installpkg
SCOadmin (GUI)

 pkgadd ? setld -l ? ? add software
precompiled binaries of GPLware and freeware www-1.ibm.com/servers/
aix/products/aixos/linux/
download.html
aixpdslib.seas.ucla.edu/
aixpdslib.html
bullfreeware.com

fink.sourceforge.net

darwinports.opendarwin
.org

darwinports.com

 ? ftp.freebsd.org/
pub/FreeBSD
www.freebsd.org

hpux.cs.utah.edu

hpux.connect.org.uk

freeware.sgi.com
www.sgi.com/fun

 www.linux.org
linux.tucows.com
sourceforge.net
rpmfind.net
(deb) ftp.debian.org
(deb) packages.debian.org		 ? ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/
NetBSD/packages		 ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/
pub/OpenBSD/<version>/
packages		 ? www.caldera.com/
skunkware		 www.sunfreeware.com
www.blastwave.org		 ? www.tru64unix.compaq.com/
demos
tpegsrvr.zk3.dec.com/
freeware/tbl_packages.html		 ? ? precompiled binaries of GPLware and freeware
C compiler   /usr/ibmcxx/bin/cc /usr/bin/cc (gcc) /usr/sde/default/usr/bin/cc /usr/bin/cc (gcc) /opt/softbench/bin/cc ($)
/bin/cc (9)
/usr/bin/cc (10+; not ANSI; kernel builder only)		 /opt/MIPSpro/
 bin/cc ($)
/usr/bin/cc		  gcc /usr/bin/cc
(Metaware) 		 /usr/bin/cc (gcc)  /usr/bin/cc /usr/bin/cc /usr/bin/cc /opt/SUNWspro/
 bin/cc ($)		 /usr/bin/cc /usr/bin/cc /usr/bin/cc /opt/ctl/bin/cc C compiler 
show patch level
and/or patches 		instfix -ivq
oslevel -r		 sw_vers
Apple:About This Mac
ls /Library/Receipts
uname -a
lsbom
cat /System/Library/
CoreServices/
SystemVersion.plist 		what /dgux uname -a swlist -l product |
grep PHsomeString

versions -b | grep patch (6.4-)
uname -R (6.5+)

 (rh) rpm -q
(deb) dpkg -s		 pkginfo -l cat /kern/version
uname -a
/etc/release 		sysctl -n kern.version uname -a
pkginfo | grep EKS		 swconfig -P showrev -p
prodreg (2.6+)
patchadd -p		 showrev -p
(if you're lucky) 		dupatch -track -type kit
dupatch -track -type patch
setld -i | grep patchname
sizer -vB		 ? ? show patch level
and/or patches
patch tool  installp
smitty update_all 		System Preferences / Software Update
softwareupdate 		dg_sysreport -p patches (cvsup or cvs to update,
then rebuild)		 update (9)
swinstall (10+)		 inst
swmgr 		apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
(rh) up2date
(rh) yum update
(mand) urpmi		 pkgadd
pkgplus		 cvs cvs/CTM pkgadd
sysadm		 ? installpatch (2.5.1-)
patchadd (2.6+)
pkgadd
/usr/sadm/bin/smpatch (9+)
n/a setld -i
dupatch		 ? ? patch tool 
configure/show
runtime linking
fortran-2000.com/
ArnaudRecipes/
sharedlib.html 		dump -H
ldd 		otool -L ? ldd
ldconfig
kldstat 		chatr
ldd (11+)
kmadmin		 ldd
rld
_RLD_LIST		 ldconfig
ldd
lsmod 		ldd
ldconfig 		ldd
nm
ldconfig 		ldd
ldconfig 		ldd ? crle
ldd
pldd
modinfo
LD_PRELOAD		 ldd odump -Dl
ldd		 ? ? configure/show
runtime linking
fortran-2000.com/
ArnaudRecipes/
sharedlib.html
link library path $LIBPATH

$DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH
man dyld

 $LIBPATH $LD_LIBRARY_PATH $LD_LIBRARY_PATH
(64-bit)
$SHLIB_PATH
(32- or 64-bit) 		$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
$RLD*_PATH 		$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
/etc/ld.so.conf 		$LD_LIBRARY_PATH $LD_LIBRARY_PATH
/etc/ld.so.conf 		? $LD_LIBRARY_PATH ? $LD_LIBRARY_PATH $LD_LIBRARY_PATH $LD_LIBRARY_PATH ? $LDPATH link library path
tracing utility  trace
syscalls
truss
watch 		ktrace; kdump
fs_usage 		?=dg_strace
(>=4.20MU06) 		ktrace
truss		 trace (freeware)
tusc (11+, freeware) 		par
prfstat

strace
ltrace

truss ktrace
ktruss
kdump 		ktrace
ptrace		 truss
scstat		 ?

truss
sotruss
dtrace (10+)

 trace trace
truss		 ? cdbx
jumptrace 		tracing utility 
define user defaults /etc/security/
mkuser.default
/etc/environment 		/usr/bin/defaults admuser -o set /etc/login.conf /etc/default
/etc/PATH
/etc/MANPATH
/etc/default/*

/etc/default/login
/etc/profile

/etc/profile
/etc/security/
/etc/skel/		 /etc/default/login
/etc/profile
/etc/security/ 		/etc/profile
/etc/skel/*
login.conf

/etc/profile
/etc/skel/*
/etc/login.conf

/etc/default/login
/etc/profile
$HOME/.profile 		? /etc/default/login
/etc/profile
/etc/security/ 		/etc/profile /etc/skel
/etc/profile 		/etc/skel
/etc/profile		 udbgen
nu scripts		 define user defaults
csh global .login ? /etc/csh.login ? /etc/csh.login /etc/csh.login /etc/cshrc /etc/csh.login /etc/.login /etc/csh.login /etc/csh.login ? ? /etc/.login ? /etc/csh.login ? /etc/login csh global .login
default syslog and messages /var/adm/syslog
/var/adm/messages 		/var/log/system.log /var/adm/messages /var/log/messages /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log
/var/adm/sulog
/var/spool/mqueue/syslog		 /var/adm/SYSLOG
/var/adm/sulog 		/var/log/syslog
/var/log/messages
/usr/adm/messages
/var/log/maillog 		/var/adm/streams
/var/adm/usererr
/etc/.osm 		/var/log/messages /var/log/messages /var/adm/log/messages /usr/adm/syslog
/var/adm/log/osmlog 		/var/adm/messages
/var/log/syslog

/var/adm/messages

/var/log/syslog (sendmail)

 (4.x+) /var/adm/messages
/var/adm/syslog.dated (kern, auth, daemon, lpr, syslog, user)
/var/adm/binary.errlog 		/var/adm/messages
/var/adm/syslog.dated (kern, auth, daemon, lpr, syslog, user)
/var/adm/binary.errlog		 /usr/adm/messages default syslog and messages
system error reporting tool  errpt Console
/var/log/crash.log, dmesg		 admsyslog -o report dmesg
send-pr 		dmesg
sysdiag (9 and early10)
stm/cstm/mstm/xstm (10.20+)
EMS (from support CD)		 sysmon
amsyslog
availmon
eventmond
imdmonitor
syserrpanel

dmesg

(deb) reportbug		 odm
errpt 		dmesg
cat /kern/msgbuf		 dmesg sysadm
log3
WebSysAdmin		 dmesg prtdiag dmesg (4.x) uerf; dia (DECevent)
(5.x) (System errors) EVM (evmget; evmshow)
(Hardware errors) dia; ca (Compqaq analyze)		 uerf errpt system error reporting tool 
performance monitoring

ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/
aix/tools/perftools/perfpmr

vmstat; iostat; sar; filemon; topas; trace; svmon; netpmon

 vm_stat; nfsstat;
fs_usage; sc_usage;
top
Process Viewer		 ? fstat; nfsstat; systat; vmstat; netstat; uustat; top; iostat top; sar; vmstat;
iostat; nfsstat; netstat;
uustat; Glance($)		 pcp; dkstat; pmkstat;
sar; osview; gr_osview;
ecstats; linkstat; netstat;
nfsstat; nfsvis; nodevis;
routervis; nstats; top		 vmstat
procinfo -D		 sar; pinfo -v;
modstat; netstat;
nfsstat; pppstat;
smtpstat; snmpstat;
uustat; top
 iostat; netstat; systat;
vmstat 		iostat; pstat; systat;
vmstat 		vmstat; mpstat; dkstat;
sar; netstat; scstat		 ?

sar; iostat; kstat;
mpstat; netstat; nfsstat;
prstat; trapstat; vmstat; ptree

 iostat; netstat; vmstat iostat; nfsstat; vmstat
/usr/opt/sv4b/bin/sar		 iostat; nfsstat; vmstat
/usr/opt/sv4b/bin/sar

sar; xsar; tsar; xsam;
xscc; xns; xnetmon;
nfsstat; perfmon; ja;
mppview; xmppview;
sam; csam

 performance monitoring
match process to file or port procfiles (5.2+, files only) lsof ? lsof
sockstat		 ? fuser lsof
netstat -atup		 fuser lsof ? fuser ? fuser
lsof2
pfiles 		        match process to file or port
TASK \ OS  AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux
 NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare
 Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
 Ultrix UNICOS OS / TASK 
FAQs (see also faqs.org) www.faqs.org/faqs/
aix-faq/part1/
preamble.html

www.darwinfo.org/
faq.shtml

www.macosxhints.com

 www-csc.dg.com/csc/
dguxfaqs1.asp		 www.freebsd.org/doc/
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq		 www.faqs.org/faqs/
hp/hpux-faq/preamble.html		 techpubs.sgi.com/library/
tpl/cgi-bin/browse.cgi?coll=0650
&db=FAQ

www.linuxdoc.org/
FAQ/Linux-FAQ

www.debian.org/doc/
FAQ

 ? www.netbsd.org/
Documentation		 www.openbsd.org/faq ? pcunix.com/SCOFAQ/ www.faqs.org/faqs/Solaris2/
FAQ/
www.faqs.org/faqs/Solaris2/
x86/FAQ/
www.stokely.com/
unix.sysadm.resources/
faqs.sun.html 		www.faqs.org/faqs/
comp-sys-sun-faq/		 www2.tru64.org/faq/
tru64_faq.php		 www.supelec.fr/decus/
faq/faq-ultrix.html		 www.spikynorman
.net 		FAQs (see also faqs.org)
mailing list  AIX-L@pucc.
princeton.edu
(LISTSERV)		 lists.apple.com ? www.freebsd.org/
handbook/
eresources.html
#ERESOURCES-MAIL 		 hpux-admin@
dutchworks.nl
 (majordomo)		 ?

www.linumanagers
.org

www.linux.org/
help/lists.html

? www.netbsd.org/
MailingLists 		www.openbsd.org/
mail.html 		? ? sun-managers@sunmanagers
.org (majordomo)		 sun-managers@
sunmanagers
.ececs.uc.edu
(majordomo)		 tru64-unix-man
agers@ornl.gov   (majordomo)
http://www.ornl.gov/its/archives/
mailing-lists/		 decstation-man
agers@ornl.gov
 (majordomo)		 ? mailing list 
mailing list archives 

www.marist.
edu/htbin/wlvindex?
ADSM-L

marc.theaimsgroup.com/
?l=aix-l&r=1&w=2

 lists.apple.com ? www.freebsd.
org/ search.html#
mailinglists 		 www.dutch
works.nl/
 htbin/hpsysadmin 		 ? www.linuxmanagers.org/
pipermail/linuxmanagers
lists.debian.org		 ? www.netbsd.org/
MailingLists 		www.openbsd.org/
mail.html 		? ?

www.sunmanagers.org/
archives.html

www.latech.
edu/sunman.html

 www.latech.
edu/sunman.html 		 www-archive.
ornl.gov:8000		 www-archive.
ornl. gov:8000		 ? mailing list archives 
newsgroup(s)
groups.google 		comp.unix.aix
www.thp.uni-duisburg.de/
cuaix/cuaix.html		 comp.sys.mac.* ? comp.unix.bsd.
freebsd.misc 		 comp.sys.hp.hpux  comp.sys.sgi.admin  comp.os.linux.* (esp .answers) comp.sys.ncr comp.unix.bsd.
netbsd.misc 		 comp.unix.bsd.
openbsd.misc
lucky.openbsd.misc 		de.comp.os.unix.sinix comp.unix.sco.misc comp.sys.sun.
admin, comp.unix.solaris 		 comp.sys.sun
admin 		 comp.sys.dec, comp.unix.tru64 comp.unix.ultrix comp.unix.cray

newsgroup(s)
groups.google
user groups www.userblue.org www.apple.com/
usergroups
www.omnigroup.com/
developer/mailinglists
www.themacintoshguy.
com/lists/X.html 		? www.freebsd.org/
support.html#user 		www.interex.org ? www.debianhelp.org ? www.netbsd.org/gallery/
groups.html		 deadly.org ? ? ? ? Encompass/DECUS ? www.cug.org
www.excray.com 		user groups
magazines

www.developer.
ibm.com/library/aixpert

 www.macworld.com
www.stepwise.com		 ? www.daemonews.com www.hpchronicle.com
www.interex.org/hpuxusr
www.hppro.com		 www.sgi.com/support/
pipeline.html		 www.linuxjournal.com
www.linux-mag.com
www.debianplanet.org 		? www.daemonnews.com undeadly.org ? ? www.sunworld.com
sun.com/sun-on-net/itworld 		? www.tru64.org ? ? magazines
vendor home page www.developer.ibm.com/
tech/map/aixrm.html
 www.apple.com

www-csc.dg.com/
csc/default.asp

 www.freebsd.org unix.hp.com www.sgi.com/software/
software.html#IRIX 		 www.linux.org
www.redhat.com
www.debian.org 		ncr.com
teradata.com 		www.netbsd.org www.openbsd.org www.fujistu-siemens.com www.caldera.com/
products/openunix		 sun.com/solaris
sun.com/bigadmin
sun.com/developers/support
soldc.sun.com
access1.sun.com		 ? www.tru64unix
.compaq.com		 www.supelec.fr/decus/
faq/faq-ultrix.html		 www.cray.com vendor home page
vendor docs and patches

www.redbooks.ibm.com

techsupport.services.
ibm.com/
server/support?
view=pSeries

developer.apple.com/
darwin
www.info.apple.com/
support/downloads.html
www.apple.com/support/
security/security.html

 www-csc.dg.com/csc/
custdocsasp/
custdocs2.asp?
category=069docs.asp		 www.freebsd.org/handbook
www.freebsd.org/releases/
4.0R/errata.html		 docs.hp.com
itrc.hp.com		 techpubs.sgi.com
www.sgi.com/
support/patch_intro.html
support.sgi.com
relnotes
grelnotes 		www.linuxdoc.org/
rpmfind.net/linux/RPM 		www.info.ncr.com/
eCRM-
OSHW-Browse
By-Results.cfm
?pl=&PID=&title=
&release=
&pl=Software
%20-%20
MP-RAS&sbrn=3
www.netbsd.org/
Security
www.openbsd.org/
docum.html
www.openbsd.org/
errata.html		 service.fujitsu-siemens
.com
its.siemens.com/lobs/its/
its_sc/eks_en/unix_en.htm 		www.caldera.com/support docs.sun.com
sunsolve.sun.com		 ? www.tru64unix
.compaq.com/docs		 N/A (EOL) www.cray.com/
craydoc		 vendor docs and patches
vendor phone (US) AIX: 800-237-5511
IBM hardware:
 800-426-7378		 1-800-MY-APPLE ? 925-674-0783
(FreeBSD Mall) 		800-633-3600 800-800-4SGI ? ? ? ? (Germany)
+49-5251-80		 ? 800-USA-4SUN ? 800-344-4825 800-344-4825 ? vendor phone (US)
TASK / OS AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
(Digital Unix, OSF/1)
(4) 4.0F/G
(5) 5.0A 		Ultrix UNICOS OS \ TASK 

Footnotes

1. In System V-based Unixes, run level relates to booting, shutdown, and single-user mode. In BSD, it has to do with security.

2. Freeware; not part of the OS. See the precompiled binaries task or web search.

Universal Command Guide is a large book which covers several of the OSs in this table. See http://www.allcommands.com

UnixGuide.net has a similar table covering fewer Unix versions and a somewhat different set of tasks. See http://unixguide.net/cgi-bin/unixguide.cgi

coolcommands is a search engine giving one-line command examples: http://www.coolcommands.com/index.php?option=com_cc&Itemid=28

Solaris / HP-UX / FreeBSD / Linux / AIX: http://www.unixporting.com/quickguide.html

Solaris / HP-UX: http://soldc.sun.com/migration/hpux/migissues/. If that page no longer exists, get an archived version from the Internet Archive Wayback Machine at http://www.archive.org/web/web.php

AIX 4.3.3 / Solaris 8: http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redpapers/pdfs/redp0104.pdf

Unix history time line: http://www.levenez.com/unix/

Heiner Steven's AWK dialects page: http://www.shelldorado.com/articles/awkcompat.html

Ben Zorn's Debugging Tools for Dynamic Storage Allocation and Memory Management: http://www.cs.colorado.edu/homes/zorn/public_html/MallocDebug.html

USENIX: http://www.usenix.org/

USENIX System Administrator's Guild: http://sage.org/

League of Professional System Administrators: http://lopsa.org/

This page is http://bhami.com/rosetta.html last updated 2006.01.03. This compilation Copyright © 2000-2006 Bruce Hamilton bhami@pobox.com. Reproduce freely for personal use. Do not reproduce for commercial purposes. LINK don't copy, or you will miss updates! Original concept by Pat Wilson. Thanks to Bitt Faulk and Mårten Svantesson for the improved JavaScript.