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A Sysadmin's Unixersal Translator (ROSETTA STONE) OR   What do they call that in this world?

Contributions and corrections gratefully accepted. Please help us fill in the blanks. New "tasks" are welcome, too!
PDF version (for best results print US legal size, landscape orientation. If your browser plug-in has trouble with the PDF, then download it and load it in stand-alone acroread).
Framed version.
OS versions in parentheses; e.g. 10+ means version 10 and greater; 9- means version 9 and previous. $=extra cost

If not specified, commands are in one of the following directories: /usr/bin, /usr/sbin, /sbin, /bin
Files referenced may be either commands, configuration files, or directly-referenced text files. Use the man command to read the man pages for details such as command options.
Categories:

hardware, firmware, devices disks kernel, boot, swap files, volumes
networking security, backup software, patching, tracing, logging references
TASK \ OS  AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux
NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare
Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
Ultrix UNICOS OS / TASK 
OS notes By IBM, with input from System V, BSD, etc. etc. Runs mainly on IBM RS/6000 and related hardware. The Open Source foundation for Mac OS X, descended from NeXTStep Data General was aquired by EMC in 1999. Derived from 4.4BSD-Lite and 386BSD. This table does not include external packages from /usr/ports. Hewlett-Packard. SGI. SVR4-based (rh) = Red Hat,
Mandrake, Suse,...
(deb) = Debian, Libranet,...
(mand) = Mandrake
(SuSE) = SuSE
aka MP-RAS Derived from 4.4BSD-Lite and 386BSD. This table does not include external packages from /usr/pkg. Forked from NetBSD in 1995. Security emphasis. This table does not include external packages from /usr/ports. Fujitsu Siemens. Based on DC/OSX from Pyramid, SINIX
from Siemens, and SVR4. To be replaced with Solaris by 2008.
SCO UnixWare 7.0.1& SCO UnixWare 7.1.1 became Caldera Open Unix and later became SCO again. Solaris 2.0-2.6, 7, 8, 9
(SunOS 5.*)
SVR4-based
Solaris 1.*
BSD-based
(Digital Unix, OSF/1)
(4)= 4.0F/G
(5)= 5.0A
An early DEC Unix, superceded by Digital Unix (now Tru64). Cray Inc., formed from the March 2000 merger of Tera Computer Company and Cray Research OS notes
administrative GUI smit
smitty
wsm
Aqua: System Preferences, NetInfo Manager sysadm /stand/sysinstall
pw
adduser rmuser
vipw
chpass
sam  /usr/sysadm/bin/sysmgr (6.3+)
toolchest
/usr/Cadmin/bin/*
(rh, FC2+, RHEL4+) system-config*
(rh) redhat-config*
linuxconf (obsolete)
(SuSE) yast2
(deb)
dpkg-reconfigure
(mand)
drakconf
sysadm sushi ?

sysadm
WebSysAdmin

scoadmin

solstice
admintool
smc (8 01/01+)

? checklist
(5) sysman
? checklist
/etc/install/install
xmenu
administrative GUI
managing users lsuser
mkuser
chuser
rmuser
Aqua: System
Preferences / Accounts
niutil
useradd
userdel
adduser
rmuser
pw
vipw
useradd
userdel
usermod

/usr/sysadm/privbin/
addUserAccount

passmgmt

/usr/Cadmin/bin/cpeople

useradd
userdel
adduser

useradd
userdel
usermod
sysadm
useradd
userdel
userinfo
usermod
user
useradd
userdel
adduser (interactive)
sysadm
useradd
userdel
scoadmin
useradd
userdel
useradd
userdel
usermod
/usr/sadm/bin/smuser (9+)
groupadd
edit /etc/passwd and create home directory

useradd
adduser
userdel
removeuser

adduser
removeuser
xadmin
udbgen
udbrstrict
nu scripts
managing users
TASK \ OS  AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux
NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare
Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
Ultrix UNICOS OS / TASK 
list hardware configuration
prtconf
lscfg
lsattr
lsdev
hostinfo
ioreg -bls
system_profiler
dg_sysreport -g hardware dmesg
cat /var/run/dmesg.boot
pciconf -l
eeprom (SPARC only)

ioscan
dmesg (if you're lucky)
adb
model
stm (from the SupportPlus CDROM)
bdf (like most vendors' df)
getconf
machinfo

hinv

dmesg (if you're lucky)
/proc/*
lshw
dmidecode
lspci
lspnp
lsusb
lsmod
(SuSE) hwinfo

prtconf
devstat
machinetype
more /etc/.osm
dmesg
more
/var/run/dmesg.boot
cat /kern/msgbuf
dmesg
cat /var/run/dmesg.boot

autoconf -l
showconf
uname -p
uname -M
mpcntl -I

hwconfig
hw
scoadmin/DCU

/usr/lib/X11/testtools/
z35SysInfo

prtconf -v
/usr/platform/`uname -i`/
sbin/prtdiag -v (sun4u and sun4d only)
arch -k
psrinfo -v
isainfo -v
dmesg
iostat -En
prtfru
cfgadm -l
/etc/path_to_inst

dmesg (if you're lucky) 

dia -R full
vmstat -P
hwmgr -get category
(5) hwmgr -show
devices
psrinfo
pset_info
sys_check
/usr/bin/X11/dxsysinfo

?

machid
getconf
uname -a

list hardware configuration 
show/set
EEPROM/NVRAM
values
bootlist -o -m normal
nvram dg_sysctl |
grep BOOTPATH
? setboot
stm
nvram
printenv/setenv (at command monitor)
/dev/nvram (if you have it)
hwclock
nvsetenv
  eeprom openprom (on
OpenFirmware
architectures)
in bdm
(at boot stop
or ctrl-a)
? eeprom eeprom (4.0D+) consvar ? ? show/set
EEPROM/NVRAM
values
add device without reboot cfgmgr -v (automatic — autdodiskmounter) N/A camcontrol
atacontrol
kldload

ioscan -fnCdevtype;
insf -Cdevtype

scsiha -pr
ioconfig -f /hw
scsiadminswap
-b bus -p
modprobe
kerneld
insmod
hotplug
cardctl
devmgmt
mktable
scsictl
atactl
? reinitdev
changedev
mkdev devfsadm. pre-Solaris 7 HW 11/99, use:
drvconfig; devlinks; {disks, tapes, ports}
MKDEV

(3.2.*) scu scan edt
(4.0) scu scan edt; disklabel -rw rzXX label (for disks)
(5.x) dsfmgr -k; disklabel -rw dskn auto
hwmgr -scan scsi

? ? add device without reboot
tape device /dev/rmt0 ? /dev/rmt/0 /dev/rsa0 /dev/rmt/0m /dev/tape
/dev/nrtape
/dev/st0 /dev/rmt/c* /dev/st0 /dev/st0 /dev/ios0/rstape001
autoconf -1 |
grep TAPE
/dev/rct0 /dev/rmt/0 /dev/rst0 (5.x) /dev/ntape /dev/tape /dev/nrmtXh where n=non-rewinding, X a number, h=density tpmnt tape device
stdin/ stdout/ stderr ? /dev/fd/[012] ? /dev/fd/[012] ? /dev/fd/[012] /dev/fd/[012] ? ? ? ? ? /dev/fd/[012] ? ?      
X kvm config ? ? ? xf86config itemap ? xf86config
XFree86 -configure
redhat-config-xfree86
/etc/X11/?dm
  xf86config
xf86cfg
XFree86 -configure
? ? hwconfig kdmconfig (x86)
fbconfig; m64config; (etc.)
? ? ? ? X kvm config
TASK \ OS  AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux
NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare
Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
Ultrix UNICOS OS / TASK 
read a disk label  lspv -l pdisk rawDev -dump
Disk Utility
admpdisk -o list
admvdisk -o list
disklabel -r diskinfo
pvdisplay
prtvtoc fdisk -l prtvtoc disklabel -r
disk
mbrlabel
fdisk
fdisk -r OR disklabel -rl dkpart -l fsname prtvtoc dkinfo disklabel -r chpt -q ? read a disk label 
whole disk in partition  N/A (non-root partitions are mounted under /Volumes) ? c ? 10 /dev/hda (e.g. if /dev/hda1
is a partition)
s0 c or d
sysctl kern.rawpartition
c /dev/ios0/rsdisk???s7
(???=000-999)
/dev/1s# (#=0,1,...) 2 c c c ? whole disk in partition 
label a disk  mkvg (labels unused) admpdisk fdisk
disklabel -wr
sysinstall
pvcreate

dvhtool
fx -x

cfdisk
fdisk
e2label

sysadm
fdisk
edvtoc
prtvtoc
mkpart
updatescsi
labelit

disklabel -wr
mbrlabel
disklabel -wr dksetup divvy format
prtvtoc
 format disklabel -rw chpt -a /etc/labelit label a disk 
partition a disk  mklv pdisk admpdisk fdisk
sysinstall
lvcreate
sam
fx parted (if you have it)
fdisk
pdisk (on a MAC)
(deb)
mac-fdisk (on a MAC)
(mand)
diskdrake
fdisk disklabel -i fdisk -e OR disklabel -E dkpart -e divvy format
fmthard
format disklabel -e chpt -p /etc/install/install partition a disk 
TASK \ OS  AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux
NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare
Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
Ultrix UNICOS OS / TASK 
kernel /unix /mach_kernel /dgux /kernel
/boot/kernel/kernel
/hpux (9)
/stand/vmunix (10+)
/unix

/boot/vmlinuz*
/boot/bootlx

(see /etc/lilo.conf or /boot/grub/menu.lst)

/unix
/stand/unix
/netbsd /bsd

/unix

/stand/unix

/unix /kernel/genunix
/platform/`uname -m`/
 kernel/unix
/platform/`uname -m`/
 kernel/sparcv9/unix (7+)
/vmunix /vmunix /vmunix /unicos kernel
show/set kernel parameters /usr/samples/kernel/vmtune
(installed with the bos
adt.samples fileset)

/usr/sbin/no (network-related)
/usr/sbin/sysctl vi /var/Build/
system.hostname;;
reboot

/boot/kernel.conf
/boot/loader.conf
sysctl
/etc/sysctl.conf

sam
sysdef
kmtune (11+)
getconf
systune /proc/*
/proc/sys/*
sysctl
/etc/sysctl.conf
sysdef
getconf
/etc/conf/cf.d/
quicktune.cfg
sysctl
/etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl
/etc/sysctl.conf
idtune
cat /etc/opt/cf.d/stune
cat /etc/opt/cf.d/mtune
sysdef -i
/etc/conf/cf.d/configure -x

sysdef
getconf
cat /etc/system
ndd
adb -k

adb

/usr/kvm/sys/
`arch -k`/conf

dxkerneltuner
sysconfig
adb
kdb
? show/set kernel parameters
make disk bootable bosboot -a bless dg_sysctl boot0cfg
disklabel
mkboot dvhtool

(rh) mkbootdisk
(deb) fdisk -A
(and lilo to manipulate mbr)

dklayout fdisk -i
installboot
? dksetup ? installboot /usr/platform/
`uname -m`
/lib/fs/ufs/bootblk raw_device_file
/usr/kvm/mdec
installboot [-hltv]
protobootblk
bootdevice
(4.x+) disklabel -rw -t [ufs|advfs] ? ? make disk bootable
startup scripts  /etc/rc* /System/Library/
StartupItems/*,
/Library/StartupItems/,
/etc/rc*
/etc/rc* /etc/rc* (4-)
/etc/rc.d/* (5+)
/usr/local/etc/rc.d/*

/etc/rc* (9)

/etc/rc.config.d (preferred)
/sbin/rc* (10+)
/sbin/init.d/

/etc/rc*
/etc/init.d/
/etc/rc* (but may vary)
/etc/init.d/

/etc/rc*
/etc/init.d

 
/etc/rc
/etc/rc.*
/etc/rc.d/*
 
/etc/rc*
/etc/rc* /etc/rc* /etc/rc*
/etc/init.d/
/etc/rc* /sbin/init.d; links in /sbin/rc?.d /etc/rc* ? startup scripts 
run levels 1
*=normal states
for more detail
see

www.phildev.net/runlevels.html
2: multiuser
6: reboot
? ? -1*: permanently insecure
0: insecure
1: secure
2: highly secure
3: network secure
0: shut down
s,S: single-user
1: sys admin
2: multiuser
3*: share NFS
4*: start GUI
5: user-defined
6: user-defined
0: power-down
s,S: single-user
1: sys admin
2: multiuser (no NFS)
3*: multiuser
4: user-defined
5: firmware monitor
(set in /etc/inittab)
0: halt
s,S,1: vendor-dependent
1: single-user
2-5*: multiuser
6: reboot
(set in /etc/inittab)
0: shutdown
s,S: single-user
1: sys admin
2*: multi-user
3: share NFS
4: user-defined
5: firmware
6: reboot
-1: permanently insecure
0*: insecure
1*: secure
2: highly secure
-1: permanently
insecure
0*: insecure
1*: secure
2: highly secure
0: power-down
s,S: single-user
1: sys admin
2*: multiuser
3+4*: user-defined
5: firmware update
6: reboot
?

0: firmware monitor
s,S: single-user
1: sys admin
2: multiuser
3*: share NFS
4*: user-defined
5: power-down if possible
6: reboot

? 0: shut down
1: single user
2: multi-user, no NFS
3: multi-user
6: reboot
0: shut down
1: single user
2: multi-user, no NFS
3: multi-user
6: reboot
?

run levels 1
*=normal states
for more detail
see

www.phildev.net/runlevels.html

show runlevel 1 who -r (runlevels unused) who -r sysctl kern.securelevel who -r who -r /sbin/runlevel who -r sysctl kern.securelevel sysctl kern.securelevel who -r who -r who -r ? who -r ? who -r show runlevel 1
time zone info /etc/environment ($TZ) /usr/share/zoneinfo/ ? /etc/localtime
/usr/share/zoneinfo
/usr/lib/tztab /usr/lib/locale/TZ/ /usr/share/zoneinfo/ /usr/lib/locale/TZ /usr/share/zoneinfo/ /usr/share/zoneinfo/
/etc/localtime
? ? /usr/share/lib/zoneinfo/ ? /etc/zoneinfo ? ? time zone info
check swap space  lsps -a ls -l /var/vm
vm_stat
admswap -o list -buv
dg_sysreport -p freeswap
systat -swap
swapinfo
pstat -s
swapinfo swap -s
swap -l
swapon -s
cat /proc/meminfo
cat /proc/swaps
free
swap -s
swap -l
sar -r
swapctl -l swapctl swap -s
swap -l
swap -l swap -s
swap -l
pstat -s swapon -s ? /etc/swapper check swap space 
TASK \ OS  AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux
NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare
Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
Ultrix UNICOS OS / TASK 
"normal" filesystem  jfs ufs
hfs+
dg/ux ufs/ffs/ufs2 (5+)
ext2

hfs
vxfs (11.0+)

efs, xfs ext2
ext3
ReiserFS
vxfs ffs (was ufs) ffs (was ufs) vxfs
ufs (root)
htfs ufs 4.2

(4) ufs
(5) AdvFS

ufs NC1FS
C2FS
"normal" filesystem 
volume-based filesystem  jfs ? ?

ccd
vinum
geom (5+)

jfs (vxfs)
LVM
VxVM ($)
xlv, xvm, xfs LVM, LVM2
EVMS
VxVM ($)
vdisk
VxVM

ccd, raidframe

ccd
raid
vdisk vdisk Solstice DiskSuite
VxVM ($)
? Advfs
LSM
N/A ? volume-based filesystem 
file system
description
/etc/filesystems NetInfo /etc/fstab /etc/fstab /etc/checklist
(9) 
/etc/fstab
(10+)
/etc/fstab  /etc/fstab /etc/vfstab /etc/fstab /etc/fstab /etc/vfstab
/etc/dktab

/etc/mnttab
/etc/default/filesys
/etc/vfstab (local)
/etc/rmtab (remote)

/etc/vfstab (local) /etc/fstab /etc/fstab
AdvFS: /etc/fdmns
/etc/fstab /etc/fstab file system
description
volume manipulation

smitty vg
smitty lvm
smitty jfs
mkvg; chvg; rmvg
mklv; chlv; rmlv
mkfs; crfs; rmfs

Disk Utility / pdisk sysadm

vinum
ccdconfig
geom (5.3+)
gstripe (5.3+)
gmirror (5.3+)
graid3 (5.3+)

vg*; lv*; pv*
extendfs
fsadm

xlv_mgr
xvm

e2fsadm
lvcreate
lvremove
lvextend
vxva ccdconfig
raidctl
ccdconfig
raidctl
dkconfig
dkmirror
dkmap
?

meta*
(Solstice DiskSuite;
Solaris Volume Mgr (9+))
(7-, found in
/usr/opt/SUNWmd/
 sbin/)

/opt/VRTSvxva/bin/vxva
(Veritas Volume Mgr) ($)

? AdvFS: mkfdmn, mkfset, addvol, showfdmn
LSM: volassist or volmake, volume, volplex and volsd, volprint
? /etc/install/install volume manipulation
create filesystem crfs newfs
newfs_hfs
newfs_mdos
admfilesystem newfs mkfs
newfs
mkfs mke2fs
mkreiserfs
mkdosfs
mkfs newfs
makefs
newfs mkfs
newfs
divvy newfs
mkfs
newfs
mkfs
AdvFS: mkfdmn
UFS: newfs
MFS: mfs
newfs
mkfs
bb
mkfs
labelit
create filesystem
file system debugging and recovery dfsck
fsck
fsdb
fsck
fsdb
clri
? fsck
fsdb
clri
fsck
fsdb
fsck
fsdb
clri
fsck
debugfs
e2undel
? fsck
fsdb
clri
fsck
fsdb
clri
? fsck
fsdb
fsck
fsdb
clri
? ? ? ? file system debugging and recovery
create non-0-length empty file lmktemp mkfile
dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024 count=desired
? truncate -s size[K|M|G] filename
dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=size[b|k|m|g] \
count=desired
prealloc mkfile dd if=/dev/zero of=filename
bs=1024k count=desired
dd if=/dev/zero
of=filename bs=1024
count=desired
dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1m count=desired dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024k count=desired mkfile
dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1k
dd if=/dev/zero of=filenmae bs=1024 count=desired mkfile mkfile dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024k count=desired ? ? create non-0-length empty file
mount CDROM

mount -v cdrfs -o ro
/dev/cd0 /cdrom

smitty cdrom

(automatic — autdodiskmounter) mount -t cdrom
/dev/pdsk/disk/cdrom
mount /cdrom
mount_cd9660
pfs_mountd
pfsd
pfs_mount
mount /dev/dsk/cxtydz
/SD_CDROM
(mounts automatically when CD inserted) mount /mnt/cdrom
(deb) mount /cdrom
mount -F cdfs
/dev/cdrom/cdromX
/cdrom
mount -t cd9660 -o ro /dev/cd0a path mount -t cd9660 -r /dev/cd0a path mount -F hs ...
sysadm
mount /dev/cd0 path /etc/init.d/vold start; volcheck or
mount -F hsfs -o ro /dev/dsk/c0t6d0s2 /cdrom
mount -t hsfs -r
/dev/sr0 /cdrom

mount /dev/disk/cdromXa
/mnt
mount -t cdfs -o noversion /dev/disk/cdrom3c /cdrom

? ? mount CDROM
create/mount ISO image ? hdiutil ? mdconfig; mount ? ?

mkisofs

mount -o loop pathToIso
mountPoint

? ? ? ? ? mkisofs;cdrecord;mount ? ? ? ? create/mount ISO image
ACL management aclget
aclput
acledit
ls -e
? ? ? lsacl
chacl
getacl
setacl
? getfacl
setfacl
? ? ? ? ? getfacl
setfacl
? ? ? ? ACL management
TASK \ OS  AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux
NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare
Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
Ultrix UNICOS OS / TASK 
NFS share definitions /etc/exports
/etc/xtab
NetInfo: /exports
Netinfo: /config/SharePoints
/etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/dfs/dfstab
dfshares
/etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/dfs/dfstab
/etc/dfs/sharetab
/etc/exports /etc/dfs/dfstab
dfshares
/etc/exports /etc/exports ? /etc/exports NFS share definitions
NFS share command exportfs -a kill -s HUP `cat /var/run/mountd.pid` exportfs -a kill -s HUP `cat /var/run/mountd.pid` exportfs -a exportfs -a /etc/init.d/nfs-server reload
(rh)
exportfs -a
share
shareall
kill -s HUP `cat /var/run/mountd.pid`
/etc/rc.d/mountd reload
kill -HUP `cat /var/run/mountd.pid` share
shareall
exportfs -a
/etc/nfs start
share
shareall
exportfs -a /sbin/init.d/nfs start; /sbin/init.d/nfsmount start ? exportfs -a NFS share command
NFS information ? ? ? nfsstat nfsstat ? cat /proc/mounts ? ? ? ? ?

showmount
nfsstat

? ? ? ? NFS information
name resolution order /etc/netsvc.conf NetInfo /etc/netsvc.conf /etc/host.conf (4-)
/etc/nsswitch.conf (5+)
/etc/nsswitch.conf 6+: /etc/nsswitch.conf
5.3: /etc/resolv.conf
/etc/nsswitch.conf
/etc/resolv.conf
tcpconfig
/etc/netconfig
/etc/nsswitch.conf
/etc/resolv.conf (obsolete)
/etc/resolv.conf /etc/netconfig ? /etc/nsswitch.conf
getent
(hardcoded
into libc)

/etc/nsswitch.conf
/etc/svc.conf (obsolete)

? /etc/hosts.usenamed name resolution order
show network interface info ifconfig -a
no -a
netstat -i
lsattr -E -l entX
ifconfig -a netstat -i
ifconfig
ifconfig -a lanadmin
landiag
lanscan
netstat -in
ifconfig lanx
ifconfig -a
netstat -ia
ifconfig
ethtool
ifconfig -a
ildconfig
netstat -in
ifconfig -a
netstat -in
ifconfig -A ifconfig -a
inetstat -in
etherstat
cmxinfo

ifconfig -a
netstat -in
Network Config. Mgr. (GUI)

ndd
ifconfig -a
netstat -in
(8+) kstat -n hme0 | egrep 'ifspeed|duplex'
ifconfig -a

ifconfig -a
netstat -in

ifconfig ifconfig -a
netstat -in
show network interface info
change IP

smitty chinet

chdev -a netaddr=
newIP -I en#

System Preferences: Network
NetInfo
sysadm edit /etc/rc.conf (option ifconfig_interfacename)

ifconfig
/sbin/set_parms initial
ifconfig
edit: /etc/{hosts,
sys_id,
resolv.conf,
TIMEZONE},
/etc/config/
{static-route.options,
ifconfig-1.options};
reboot

(rh) edit: /etc/hosts,
/etc/sysconfig/network,
/etc/sysconfig/
network-scripts/
ifcfg-eth0
(deb) edit
/etc/network/interfaces;
/etc/init.d/networking
restart

ifconfig
tcpconfig

edit /etc/ifconfig.interface

edit /etc/rc.conf (ifconfig*)

edit /etc/hostname.driver sysadm
ifconfig (temp.)
vi /etc/default/inet

ifconfig

netconfig

edit: /etc/{resolv.conf, hosts, hostname.*, netmasks, nodename,
dumpadm.conf, net/*/hosts}

sys-unconfig; reboot

edit /etc/hosts
/etc/hostname.*
(4.x) netsetup
(5.x) sysman net_wizard or
netconfig
?

netconfig
ifconfig
initif

/etc/install/install

change IP
start DHCP client ? ? ? dhclient ? ? dhcpcd ? dhclient ? ? ? ifconfig interface dhcp ? ? ? ? start DHCP client
ping one packet   ping -c 1 hostname  ping -c 1 hostname ping -s -c 1 hostname  ping -c 1 hostname  ping hostname 10 1 (9)
ping hostname -n 1 (10+)
ping -c 1 hostname   ping -c 1 hostname ping -c 1 hostname  ping -c 1 hostname  ping -c 1 hostname ping -c 1 hostname ping -c 1 hostname ping hostname  packetsize 1 ping hostname
packetsize 1
ping -c 1
 
? ping hostname ping one packet 
sniff network iptrace
ipreport
tcpdump ? tcpdump

nettl
netfmt

snoop
tcpdump
etherfind
tcpdump
ethereal
etherape
tcpdump
tcpdump tcpdump tcpdump ? snoop etherfind tcpdump ? ? sniff network
route definitions  netstat -r
smitty route
netstat -r sysadm edit /etc/rc.conf (option defaultrouter)
netstat -r
route
/etc/rc.config.d/netconf
netstat -r
/etc/config/
static-route.options
route
(rh)
/etc/sysconfig/network
(rh) /etc/sysconfig/static-routes
(deb) /etc/init.d/network
(deb) /etc/network
tcpconfig
/etc/inet/defaultrouter
/etc/inet/gate*
netstat -r

netstat -r
route show
/etc/rc.conf
/etc/mygate

netstat -r

route show

netstat -r netstat -r

/etc/defaultrouter
/etc/notrouter
/etc/gateways
in.routed
netstat -r
route add

/etc/defaultrouter
(kernel tweak or
adb to diable
forwarding)
/etc/routes ? netstat -r route definitions 
telnetd, ftpd banner /etc/security/login.cfg /etc/ftpwelcome ? /etc/ftpwelcome /etc/inetd.conf (telnet) /etc/issue /etc/issue.net (telnet)
(ftp varies; can use tcp wrappers)
/etc/issue
~ftp/etc/issue
~ftp/etc/msgs/welcome
/etc/motd
/etc/ftpwelcome
/etc/issue if enabled via if= in /etc/gettytab
/etc/issue.net
/etc/ftpwelcome
/etc/issue ? /etc/default/telnetd
/etc/default/ftpd
n/a /etc/issue ? /etc/issue
/etc/motd
telnetd, ftpd banner
TASK \ OS  AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux
NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare
Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
Ultrix UNICOS OS / TASK 
encrypted passwords in  /etc/security/passwd NetInfo /etc/shadow /etc/master.passwd /etc/passwd (not Trusted)
/.secure/etc/passwd (Trusted 9)
/tcb/files/auth/
(10+)
/etc/shadow (11.22+)
/etc/shadow /etc/shadow (may vary) /etc/shadow /etc/master.passwd (/etc/spwd.db) /etc/master.passwd (/etc/pwd.db) /etc/shadow /etc/shadow /etc/shadow /etc/passwd /tcb/files/auth (only with Enhanced Security) /etc/shadow /etc/udb encrypted passwords in 
allow/deny root
logins
/etc/security/user /etc/ttys (doesn't affect ssh) /etc/default/login /etc/login.access;
/etc/ttys
 /etc/securetty  /etc/default/login /etc/securetty /etc/default/login /etc/ttys /etc/ttys /etc/default/login /dev/default/login /etc/default/login /dev/ttytab /etc/securettys /etc/securettys udbrestrict -R allow/deny root
logins
firewall config ? Aqua / System Prefs /
 Sharing / Firewall
? ipfw
ipf
pf
/etc/opt/ipf/ipf.conf /etc/ipf.conf iptables
ipchains
ipfwadm
(rh) redhat-config-
securitylevel
? /etc/ipf.conf
/etc/ipf6.conf
pfctl
/etc/pf.conf
? ? (9+) /usr/aset/ ? ? ? ? firewall config
TASK \ OS  AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux
NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare
Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
Ultrix UNICOS OS / TASK 
show installed software  lslpp -L

ls /Applications
Apple System Profiler
system_profiler
ls /Network/Applications
/Network/Users/*/
Applications
/Users/*/Applications

pkginfo pkg_info
ls /var/db/pkg


rmfn, what (HP-UX 9)
swlist (HP-UX 10+)

versions
showfiles
showprods

(rh) rpm -a -i
(rh) rpm -qa
(rh) yum list installed
(deb) dselect
(deb) aptitude
(deb) dpkg -l
displaypkg
pkginfo
 pkg_info  pkg_info pkginfo -l
sysadm

swconfig
displaypkg
pkginfo

pkginfo
prodreg
admintool
/var/sadm/install/contents
? setld -i ? ? show installed software 
add software

smitty install_all
smitty installp

/usr/lib/instl/sm_inst
installp_cmd -a
-d 'device' '-c' '-N' '-g' '-X'

installpkg
drag-and-drop
sysadm /stand/sysinstall
/usr/ports make
pkg_add
portinstall (from /usr/ports)
swinstall inst
swmgr
(rh) rpm -hiv
(rh) yum install pkg
(deb) dselect
(deb) apt-get install pkg
(deb) dpkg -i
pkgadd
pkgplus
pkg_add
/usr/pkgsrc && make
pkg_add
/usr/ports && make
pkgadd
sysadm

custom
installpkg
SCOadmin (GUI)

pkgadd ? setld -l ? ? add software
precompiled binaries of GPLware and freeware www-1.ibm.com/servers/
aix/products/aixos/linux/
download.html

aixpdslib.seas.ucla.edu/
aixpdslib.html

bullfreeware.com

fink.sourceforge.net

darwinports.opendarwin
.org

darwinports.com

? ftp.freebsd.org/
pub/FreeBSD

www.freebsd.org

hpux.cs.utah.edu

hpux.connect.org.uk

freeware.sgi.com
www.sgi.com/fun

www.linux.org
linux.tucows.com
sourceforge.net
rpmfind.net
(deb) ftp.debian.org
(deb) packages.debian.org
? ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/
NetBSD/packages
ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/
pub/OpenBSD/<version>/
packages
? www.caldera.com/
skunkware
www.sunfreeware.com
www.blastwave.org
? www.tru64unix.compaq.com/
demos

tpegsrvr.zk3.dec.com/
freeware/tbl_packages.html
? ? precompiled binaries of GPLware and freeware
C compiler   /usr/ibmcxx/bin/cc /usr/bin/cc (gcc) /usr/sde/default/usr/bin/cc /usr/bin/cc (gcc) /opt/softbench/bin/cc ($)
/bin/cc (9)
/usr/bin/cc (10+; not ANSI; kernel builder only)
/opt/MIPSpro/
 bin/cc ($)
/usr/bin/cc
 gcc /usr/bin/cc
(Metaware)
 /usr/bin/cc (gcc)  /usr/bin/cc /usr/bin/cc /usr/bin/cc /opt/SUNWspro/
 bin/cc ($)
/usr/bin/cc /usr/bin/cc /usr/bin/cc /opt/ctl/bin/cc C compiler 
show patch level
and/or patches
instfix -ivq
oslevel -r
sw_vers
Apple:About This Mac
ls /Library/Receipts
uname -a
lsbom
cat /System/Library/
CoreServices/
SystemVersion.plist
what /dgux uname -a swlist -l product |
grep PHsomeString

versions -b | grep patch (6.4-)
uname -R (6.5+)

(rh) rpm -q
(deb) dpkg -s
pkginfo -l cat /kern/version
uname -a
/etc/release
sysctl -n kern.version uname -a
pkginfo | grep EKS
swconfig -P showrev -p
prodreg (2.6+)
patchadd -p
showrev -p
(if you're lucky)
dupatch -track -type kit
dupatch -track -type patch
setld -i | grep patchname
sizer -vB
? ? show patch level
and/or patches
patch tool  installp
smitty update_all
System Preferences / Software Update
softwareupdate
dg_sysreport -p patches (cvsup or cvs to update,
then rebuild)
update (9)
swinstall (10+)
inst
swmgr
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
(rh) up2date
(rh) yum update
(mand) urpmi
pkgadd
pkgplus
cvs cvs/CTM pkgadd
sysadm
? installpatch (2.5.1-)
patchadd (2.6+)
pkgadd
/usr/sadm/bin/smpatch (9+)
n/a setld -i
dupatch
? ? patch tool 
configure/show
runtime linking
fortran-2000.com/
ArnaudRecipes/
sharedlib.html
dump -H
ldd
otool -L ? ldd
ldconfig
kldstat
chatr
ldd (11+)
kmadmin
ldd
rld
_RLD_LIST
ldconfig
ldd
lsmod
ldd
ldconfig
ldd
nm
ldconfig
ldd
ldconfig
ldd ? crle
ldd
pldd
modinfo
LD_PRELOAD
ldd odump -Dl
ldd
? ? configure/show
runtime linking
fortran-2000.com/
ArnaudRecipes/
sharedlib.html
link library path $LIBPATH

$DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH
man dyld

$LIBPATH $LD_LIBRARY_PATH $LD_LIBRARY_PATH
(64-bit)
$SHLIB_PATH
(32- or 64-bit)
$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
$RLD*_PATH
$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
/etc/ld.so.conf
$LD_LIBRARY_PATH $LD_LIBRARY_PATH
/etc/ld.so.conf
? $LD_LIBRARY_PATH ? $LD_LIBRARY_PATH $LD_LIBRARY_PATH $LD_LIBRARY_PATH ? $LDPATH link library path
tracing utility  trace
syscalls
truss
watch
ktrace; kdump
fs_usage
?=dg_strace
(>=4.20MU06)
ktrace
truss
trace (freeware)
tusc (11+, freeware)
par
prfstat

strace
ltrace

truss ktrace
ktruss
kdump
ktrace
ptrace
truss
scstat
?

truss
sotruss
dtrace (10+)

trace trace
truss
? cdbx
jumptrace
tracing utility 
define user defaults /etc/security/
mkuser.default
/etc/environment
/usr/bin/defaults admuser -o set /etc/login.conf /etc/default
/etc/PATH
/etc/MANPATH
/etc/default/*

/etc/default/login
/etc/profile

/etc/profile
/etc/security/
/etc/skel/
/etc/default/login
/etc/profile
/etc/security/
/etc/profile
/etc/skel/*
login.conf

/etc/profile
/etc/skel/*
/etc/login.conf

/etc/default/login
/etc/profile
$HOME/.profile
? /etc/default/login
/etc/profile
/etc/security/
/etc/profile /etc/skel
/etc/profile
/etc/skel
/etc/profile
udbgen
nu scripts
define user defaults
csh global .login ? /etc/csh.login ? /etc/csh.login /etc/csh.login /etc/cshrc /etc/csh.login /etc/.login /etc/csh.login /etc/csh.login ? ? /etc/.login ? /etc/csh.login ? /etc/login csh global .login
default syslog and messages /var/adm/syslog
/var/adm/messages
/var/log/system.log /var/adm/messages /var/log/messages /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log
/var/adm/sulog
/var/spool/mqueue/syslog
/var/adm/SYSLOG
/var/adm/sulog
/var/log/syslog
/var/log/messages
/usr/adm/messages
/var/log/maillog
/var/adm/streams
/var/adm/usererr
/etc/.osm
/var/log/messages /var/log/messages /var/adm/log/messages /usr/adm/syslog
/var/adm/log/osmlog
/var/adm/messages
/var/log/syslog

/var/adm/messages

/var/log/syslog (sendmail)

(4.x+) /var/adm/messages
/var/adm/syslog.dated (kern, auth, daemon, lpr, syslog, user)
/var/adm/binary.errlog
/var/adm/messages
/var/adm/syslog.dated (kern, auth, daemon, lpr, syslog, user)
/var/adm/binary.errlog
/usr/adm/messages default syslog and messages
system error reporting tool  errpt Console
/var/log/crash.log, dmesg
admsyslog -o report dmesg
send-pr
dmesg
sysdiag (9 and early10)
stm/cstm/mstm/xstm (10.20+)
EMS (from support CD)
sysmon
amsyslog
availmon
eventmond
imdmonitor
syserrpanel

dmesg

(deb) reportbug
odm
errpt
dmesg
cat /kern/msgbuf
dmesg sysadm
log3
WebSysAdmin
dmesg prtdiag dmesg (4.x) uerf; dia (DECevent)
(5.x) (System errors)
EVM (evmget; evmshow)
(Hardware errors) dia; ca (Compqaq analyze)
uerf errpt system error reporting tool 
performance monitoring

ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/
aix/tools/perftools/perfpmr

vmstat; iostat; sar; filemon; topas; trace; svmon; netpmon

vm_stat; nfsstat;
fs_usage; sc_usage;
top
Process Viewer
? fstat; nfsstat; systat; vmstat; netstat; uustat; top; iostat top; sar; vmstat;
iostat; nfsstat; netstat;
uustat; Glance($)
pcp; dkstat; pmkstat;
sar; osview; gr_osview;
ecstats; linkstat; netstat;
nfsstat; nfsvis; nodevis;
routervis; nstats; top
vmstat
procinfo -D
sar; pinfo -v;
modstat; netstat;
nfsstat; pppstat;
smtpstat; snmpstat;
uustat; top
iostat; netstat; systat;
vmstat
iostat; pstat; systat;
vmstat
vmstat; mpstat; dkstat;
sar; netstat; scstat
?

sar; iostat; kstat;
mpstat; netstat; nfsstat;
prstat; trapstat; vmstat; ptree

iostat; netstat; vmstat iostat; nfsstat; vmstat
/usr/opt/sv4b/bin/sar
iostat; nfsstat; vmstat
/usr/opt/sv4b/bin/sar

sar; xsar; tsar; xsam;
xscc; xns; xnetmon;
nfsstat; perfmon; ja;
mppview; xmppview;
sam; csam

performance monitoring
match process to file or port procfiles (5.2+, files only) lsof ? lsof
sockstat
? fuser lsof
netstat -atup
fuser lsof ? fuser ? fuser
lsof2
pfiles
        match process to file or port
TASK \ OS  AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux
NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare
Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
Ultrix UNICOS OS / TASK 
FAQs (see also faqs.org) www.faqs.org/faqs/
aix-faq/part1/
preamble.html

www.darwinfo.org/
faq.shtml

www.macosxhints.com

www-csc.dg.com/csc/
dguxfaqs1.asp
www.freebsd.org/doc/
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq
www.faqs.org/faqs/
hp/hpux-faq/preamble.html
techpubs.sgi.com/library/
tpl/cgi-bin/browse.cgi?coll=0650
&db=FAQ

www.linuxdoc.org/
FAQ/Linux-FAQ

www.debian.org/doc/
FAQ

? www.netbsd.org/
Documentation
www.openbsd.org/faq ? pcunix.com/SCOFAQ/ www.faqs.org/faqs/Solaris2/
FAQ/

www.faqs.org/faqs/Solaris2/
x86/FAQ/

www.stokely.com/
unix.sysadm.resources/
faqs.sun.html
www.faqs.org/faqs/
comp-sys-sun-faq/
www2.tru64.org/faq/
tru64_faq.php
www.supelec.fr/decus/
faq/faq-ultrix.html
www.spikynorman
.net
FAQs (see also faqs.org)
mailing list  AIX-L@pucc.
princeton.edu

(LISTSERV)
lists.apple.com ? www.freebsd.org/
handbook/
eresources.html
#ERESOURCES-MAIL
 
hpux-admin@
dutchworks.nl

 (majordomo)
?

www.linumanagers
.org

www.linux.org/
help/lists.html

? www.netbsd.org/
MailingLists
www.openbsd.org/
mail.html
? ? sun-managers@sunmanagers
.org
(majordomo)
sun-managers@
sunmanagers
.ececs.uc.edu
(majordomo)
tru64-unix-man
agers@ornl.gov
   (majordomo)
http://www.ornl.gov/its/archives/
mailing-lists/
decstation-man
agers@ornl.gov

 (majordomo)
? mailing list 
mailing list archives 

www.marist.
edu/htbin/wlvindex?
ADSM-L

marc.theaimsgroup.com/
?l=aix-l&r=1&w=2

lists.apple.com ? www.freebsd.
org/ search.html#
mailinglists
 
www.dutch
works.nl/
 htbin/hpsysadmin
 
? www.linuxmanagers.org/
pipermail/linuxmanagers

lists.debian.org
? www.netbsd.org/
MailingLists
www.openbsd.org/
mail.html
? ?

www.sunmanagers.org/
archives.html

www.latech.
edu/sunman.html

www.latech.
edu/sunman.html
 
www-archive.
ornl.gov:8000
www-archive.
ornl. gov:8000
? mailing list archives 
newsgroup(s)
groups.google
comp.unix.aix
www.thp.uni-duisburg.de/
cuaix/cuaix.html
comp.sys.mac.* ? comp.unix.bsd.
freebsd.misc
 
comp.sys.hp.hpux  comp.sys.sgi.admin  comp.os.linux.* (esp .answers) comp.sys.ncr comp.unix.bsd.
netbsd.misc
 
comp.unix.bsd.
openbsd.misc

lucky.openbsd.misc
de.comp.os.unix.sinix comp.unix.sco.misc comp.sys.sun.
admin
, comp.unix.solaris 
comp.sys.sun
admin
 
comp.sys.dec, comp.unix.tru64 comp.unix.ultrix comp.unix.cray

newsgroup(s)
groups.google

user groups www.userblue.org www.apple.com/
usergroups

www.omnigroup.com/
developer/mailinglists
www.themacintoshguy.
com/lists/X.html
? www.freebsd.org/
support.html#user
www.interex.org ? www.debianhelp.org ? www.netbsd.org/gallery/
groups.htm
l
deadly.org ? ? ? ? Encompass/DECUS ? www.cug.org
www.excray.com
user groups
magazines

www.developer.
ibm.com/library/aixpert

www.macworld.com
www.stepwise.com
? www.daemonews.com www.hpchronicle.com
www.interex.org/hpuxusr
www.hppro.com
www.sgi.com/support/
pipeline.html
www.linuxjournal.com
www.linux-mag.com
www.debianplanet.org
? www.daemonnews.com undeadly.org ? ? www.sunworld.com
sun.com/sun-on-net/itworld
? www.tru64.org ? ? magazines
vendor home page www.developer.ibm.com/
tech/map/aixrm.html
www.apple.com

www-csc.dg.com/
csc/default.asp

www.freebsd.org unix.hp.com www.sgi.com/software/
software.html#IRIX
 
www.linux.org
www.redhat.com
www.debian.org
ncr.com
teradata.com
www.netbsd.org www.openbsd.org www.fujistu-siemens.com www.caldera.com/
products/openunix
sun.com/solaris
sun.com/bigadmin
sun.com/developers/support
soldc.sun.com
access1.sun.com
? www.tru64unix
.compaq.com
www.supelec.fr/decus/
faq/faq-ultrix.html
www.cray.com vendor home page
vendor docs and patches

www.redbooks.ibm.com

techsupport.services.
ibm.com/
server/support?
view=pSeries

developer.apple.com/
darwin
www.info.apple.com/
support/downloads.html

www.apple.com/support/
security/security.html

www-csc.dg.com/csc/
custdocsasp/
custdocs2.asp?
category=069docs.asp
www.freebsd.org/handbook
www.freebsd.org/releases/
4.0R/errata.html
docs.hp.com
itrc.hp.com
techpubs.sgi.com
www.sgi.com/
support/patch_intro.html

support.sgi.com
relnotes
grelnotes
www.linuxdoc.org/
rpmfind.net/linux/RPM
www.info.ncr.com/
eCRM-
OSHW-Browse
By-Results.cfm
?pl=&PID=&title=
&release=
&pl=Software
%20-%20
MP-RAS&sbrn=3

www.netbsd.org/
Security

www.openbsd.org/
docum.html

www.openbsd.org/
errata.html
service.fujitsu-siemens
.com
its.siemens.com/lobs/its/
its_sc/eks_en/unix_en.htm
www.caldera.com/support docs.sun.com
sunsolve.sun.com
? www.tru64unix
.compaq.com/docs
N/A (EOL) www.cray.com/
craydoc
vendor docs and patches
vendor phone (US) AIX: 800-237-5511
IBM hardware:
 800-426-7378
1-800-MY-APPLE ? 925-674-0783
(FreeBSD Mall)
800-633-3600 800-800-4SGI ? ? ? ? (Germany)
+49-5251-80
? 800-USA-4SUN ? 800-344-4825 800-344-4825 ? vendor phone (US)
TASK / OS AIX Darwin DG/UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux NCR Unix NetBSD OpenBSD Reliant SCO UnixWare Solaris SunOS 4 Tru64
(Digital Unix, OSF/1)
(4) 4.0F/G
(5) 5.0A
Ultrix UNICOS OS \ TASK 

Footnotes

1. In System V-based Unixes, run level relates to booting, shutdown, and single-user mode. In BSD, it has to do with security.

2. Freeware; not part of the OS. See the precompiled binaries task or web search.

Universal Command Guide is a large book which covers several of the OSs in this table. See http://www.allcommands.com

UnixGuide.net has a similar table covering fewer Unix versions and a somewhat different set of tasks. See http://unixguide.net/cgi-bin/unixguide.cgi

coolcommands is a search engine giving one-line command examples: http://www.coolcommands.com/index.php?option=com_cc&Itemid=28

Solaris / HP-UX / FreeBSD / Linux / AIX: http://www.unixporting.com/quickguide.html

Solaris / HP-UX: http://soldc.sun.com/migration/hpux/migissues/. If that page no longer exists, get an archived version from the Internet Archive Wayback Machine at http://www.archive.org/web/web.php

AIX 4.3.3 / Solaris 8: http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redpapers/pdfs/redp0104.pdf

Unix history time line: http://www.levenez.com/unix/

Heiner Steven's AWK dialects page: http://www.shelldorado.com/articles/awkcompat.html

Ben Zorn's Debugging Tools for Dynamic Storage Allocation and Memory Management: http://www.cs.colorado.edu/homes/zorn/public_html/MallocDebug.html

USENIX: http://www.usenix.org/

USENIX System Administrator's Guild: http://sage.org/

League of Professional System Administrators: http://lopsa.org/

This page is http://bhami.com/rosetta.html last updated 2006.01.03. This compilation Copyright © 2000-2006 Bruce Hamilton bhami@pobox.com. Reproduce freely for personal use. Do not reproduce for commercial purposes. LINK don't copy, or you will miss updates! Original concept by Pat Wilson. Thanks to Bitt Faulk and Mårten Svantesson for the improved JavaScript.