1993.10.22

SUBJECT: SNA Services




     -´Ù¾çÇÑ Á¾·ùÀÇ session °¡¿îµ¥ °¡Àå°ü½ÉÀÌ Àִ°ÍÀÌ LU-to-LU session ÀÌ´Ù.
     LU-to-LU ´Â network user °¡ ÀνÄÇÏ´Â À¯ÀÏÇÑ session type ÀÌ´Ù. ¸ðµç ´Ù¸¥
     session typeÀº network controlling ¿¡ °ü¿©ÇÑ ´Ù. (P29)

     Session ÀÌ LU »çÀÌ¿¡ È®¸³µÇ¸é, ±× LU ÁßÀÇ Çϳª´Â Primary ÀÌ°í ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â
     secondary ·Î µÈ´Ù. Á¾Á¾ primary unit Àº host processor ¿¡ ÀÖ°í secondary
     unit Àº processing power °¡ ¾ø´Â machine ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. primary unit Àº
     secondary unit º¸´Ùµµ ´õ protocol features ¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÏ°í fail ÀÌ ÀϾ°æ¿ì
     ¿¡ recovery µµ Ã¥ÀÓÁø´Ù.µ¿ÀÏÇÑ LU °¡ ÇϳªÀÇ session ¿¡¼­´Â primary °¡ µÇ°í
     ´Ù¸¥ session ¿¡¼­´Â secondary °¡ µÉ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. Áï, primary ³ª secondary °¡
     °áÁ¤µÇ´Â ½ÃÁ¡Àº session ÀÌ ½ÃÀ۵ɶ§ binding ¶ó°í ºÒ¸®´Â ÇϳªÀÇ process ¿¡
     ÀÇÇؼ­ °áÁ¤ÀÌ µÈ´Ù. 


          *session initiation:

          ¼­·Î ´Ù¸¥ LU ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¾²ÀÌ´Â facilities ´Â ¾öû³ª°Ô ¼­·Î´Ù¸£´Ù.¿Ö³ÄÇÏ
          ¸é ¼ö¸¹Àº Á¾·ùÀÇ H/W, S/W °¡ ¼­·Î´Ù¸¥ ¸ñÀûÀ» À§Çؼ­ SNA ¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ¼ö°¡
          Àֱ⶧¹®ÀÌ´Ù.ÇϳªÀÇ session ÀÌ È®¸³µÇ¸é, °ü·ÃµÈ ½Ö¹æÀÌ communication
          À» ÇϱâÀ§ÇØ resources ¸¦ °¡Áö¸ç complementary ¶Ç´Â matching
          facilities ¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.Resources ¿¡ symbolic reference °¡ µÇ´Â
          network names ´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã network address ·Î º¯°æµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀÏ
          ·Ã ÀÇ °úÁ¤ÀÌ binding process µ¿¾È¿¡ ÀϾ´Ù.Binding À̶ó´Â °ÍÀº SSCP
          ÀÇ session initiation °¡¿îµ¥ °¡ÀåÁß¿äÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.´ÙÀ½Àº session
          initiation µ¿¾È¿¡ SSCP °¡ ¼öÇàÇÏ´Â function ÀÌ´Ù.



               1.Protocol Establishment: µÎ LU °¡ session µ¿¾È¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÒ
               operating protocol À» È®¸³ÇÑ´Ù.
               2.Facility Verification: Session ¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ facilities, services,
               software ¸¦ °®°ÔÇÔ.
               3.Resource Allocation: Session ¿¡  ÇÊ¿äÇÑ Resources ¸¦
               Allocating.
               4.Data Structure Agreement: LU °£¿¡ ±³È¯µÉ Data ÀÇ Structure ¿¡
               °üÇÑ  agreement È®¸³. 
               5.Recovery protocol Establishment: Fail ¹ß»ý½Ã¿¡  Recovery ¶§ÀÇ
               protocol È®¸³. 
               6.Address Conversion:  Network names and network address °£ÀÇ
               Converting.
               7.Routing: Request µÈ services ÀÇ Á¾·ù¸¦ ±âÃÊ·ÎÇÏ¿© data flow ÀÇ
               Route ¸¦ È®¸³. 

		*Session data flow control:

          Session ÀÌ ÁøÇàµÇ´Â µ¿¾È¿¡ µÎ LU °£ÀÇ data flow ÀÇ control °ú
          monitoring ÀÇ serices °¡ ÇÊ¿äÇϸç session data flow control function
          ÀÌ ¸î°¡Áö ÀÖ´Ù.

               1.Session level pacing:ÇϳªÀÇ session Áß¿¡ ¹Þ´ÂÂÊÀÇ load ¸¦
               monitoring ÇÑ´Ù. ÁÖ±âÀûÀ¸·Î sending LU ´Â ¹Þ´Â ÂÊÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ
               message °¡ Á¤È®È÷ Àß ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù´Â°ÍÀ» È®ÀÎÇؾ߸¸Çϸç ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ¹Þ´ÂÂÊÀÇ
               buffer ¸¦ ÃÊ°úÇÏÁö ¾Ê°ÔÇϴ°ÍÀÌ´Ù.¹Þ´ÂÂÊÀÇ buffer ,queue ÀÇ ¿ë¶û
               Àº binding ¶§ °áÁ¤µÈ´Ù.

               2.Message Unit sequencing:Message segments ¿Í message blocks °¡
               º¸³»Áø ¼ø¼­´ë·Î µµÂøÇÏ¿´´ÂÁö °Ë»çÇÑ´Ù.logical message ´Â ÇϳªÀÇ
               RU ·Î network À» ÅëÇÏ¿©Àü´ÞµÇÁö´Â ¾Ê´Â´Ù.Å« message ´Â °¡
               ²ûsegment ·Î ³ª´©¾î Áö°í ÀÛÀº message µéÀÌ blocks À¸·Î ÇÕÃÄÁø
               ´Ù.data flow ¸¦ control ÇÏ´Â ºÎºÐÁßÀÇ Çϳª´Â ÃʱâÀÇ segmenting
               ¶Ç´Â blocking °ú sbsequent reconstruction of logical messages ¿Í
               ü°èµÈ´Ù.

               3.Cryptography:Encrypting data before they are transmitted and
               then decrypting them when they have been received.

               4.Error Detection and recovery:Network ¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© data flow ·Î½á
               ÀϾ´Â error ¸¦ detecting ÇÏ°í °¡´ÉÇϸé recovery ÇÏ°í º¹±¸°¡
               ºÒ°¡´ÉÇϸé Network user ¿¡°Ô Notification ÀÌ ÀüÇØÁü.

		*Session Termination:

          data exchange °¡ ³¡³ª¸é session ÀÌ Á¾·áµÇ°í assign µÈ resource ´Â ´Ù
          ¸¥ session ÀÇ »ç¿ëÀ» À§ÇØ release µÈ´Ù.ÇϳªÀÇ ¼¼¼ÇÀº network ³»¿¡ ¹®
          Á¦³ª network operator ÀÇ intervention ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ deactivate µÈ´Ù.SNA ´Â
          data exchange °¡ ¼º°øÀûÀ¸·Î ³¡³µÀ»¶§ session ÀÌ Á¾·áµÇ´Â services ¸¦
          Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù.



	-Individual sessions ¸¦ °ü¸®Çϴµ¥ °ü°èµÈ services ¸¦ Á¦°øÇϴµ¥ Ãß°¡·Î
     SNA ´Â Á¾ÇÕÀûÀÎ network °ü¸®¿Í resources °ü¸®¸¦ ¸ñÇ¥·Î ÇÑ services ¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔ
     ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.Network management services °¡ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â services ´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.





          1.Activation and Deactivation of SNA Resources:

           À̱â´ÉÀº ¾î¶² ¿øÇÏ´Â Physical resources °¡ ÇÒ´çµÇ°í ÇÊ¿ä¿¡ µû¶ó
          releasing µÇ´Â ±â´ÉÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.SNA network Àº network
          addressable unit ¿Í °°Àº logical resources ¿Í processor,
          communication controller, cluster controller, terminal, communication
          links ¿Í °°Àº underlying physical resources ¸¦ µÑ´Ù °¡Áø´Ù.

          2.Resource sharing:

           In a multiple-domain network, it is possible for different SSCPs to
          share the control of certain resources. Sometimes the sharing is
          serial, which means that only one SSCP can control the resource at
          one time. ´Ù¸¥ Resources ´Â µ¿½Ã¿¡ °øÀ¯µÉ¼ö°¡ ÀÖ °í share limit ¶ó´Â
          °ÍÀÌ À־Ưº°ÇÑ resource ¸¦ °øÀ¯ÇÒ¼öÀÖ´Â SSCP ÀÇ °¹¼ö¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù

      
          3.Virtual Routing Pacing:

          ¸ðµç concurrent session À¸·Î ºÎÅÍ ¹ß»ýµÇ´Â traffic ÀÌ Monitor µÇ°í
          data flow °¡ control µÇ¾î¼­ Route ¿Í Underlying facilities °¡
          overload °¡ µÇÁö¾Ê¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.¸î¸î session µéÀº µ¿ÀÏÇÑ explicit routes
          ¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í °¡²ûÀº µ¿ÀÏÇÑ virtual route µµ °®´Â´Ù. route »ó¿¡¼­ total
          traffic À» ±âÃÊ·Î receiving a response ¸¦ ¹Þ±âÀü¿¡ ÇϳªÀÇ LU °¡ send
          ÇÒ¼öÀÖ´Â message ÀÇ ¼ö¸¦ virtual route pacing ÀÌ control ÇÑ´Ù.

          4.Configuring the network: SNA network ÀÇ configuration Àº °ÅÀÇ
          static ÇÏ°Ô ³²¾ÆÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù. physical network devices are added and
          removed, S/W is changed, and routes are changed to improve
          performance,Network »óÀÇ ¾î¶² nodes ³ª links °¡ bypassed µÉ ¹®Á¦°¡ ¹ß
          »ýÇϱ⵵ ÇÑ´Ù.Configuration ±â´ÉÀº °èȹµÈ, ¶Ç´Â °èȹµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº º¯È­°¡
          network configuraiton ¿¡ Æ÷ÇԵǰí network operation ¿¡ ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑÀÇ ¿µÇâ
          À¸·Î ¼öÇàµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.




	-SNA services ´Â 2 Á¾·ù·Î ³ª´«´Ù. (NAUs services , Path Control Network
services )

*** »ðÀÔÀÚ·á ***




- Ch3 ¿¡¼­µµ ¼³¸íµÇ¾úÁö¸¸,  Function management layer ´Â µÎ°³ÀÇ Sub-layer ·Î ³ª
´«´Ù.
  NAU Services Manager ¿Í Function Management Data Services ÀÌ´Ù.
  ÀÌ µÎ°³ÀÇ Function management  sublayers ´Â µÎ °¡Áö Á¾·ùÀÇ Services ¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ
´Âµ¥ 
 End-user services ¿Í  Session network service °¡ ÀÖ´Ù.

1.End-user services: µÎ LU °£ÀÇ data exchange ¿¡ °ü·ÃµÇ¸ç, LU-to-LU session À»
½ÇÇàÇϴµ¥ ¾²ÀÌ°í,
(CH 21)              Session presentation Services ¿Í
Application-to-application services ·Î ³ª´µ¾îÁü.

     *session presentation services:data ÀÇ formatting À̳ª display ¿¡ °üÇÑ
     services
          i.data formating :Ưº°ÇÑ Terminal type ( display screens, printers)
          À» À§ÇÑ data format
          ii.compressing and compaction : Transmission efficiency ¸¦ ³ôÀ̱âÀ§ÇÑ
          ¹æ¹ý
          iii.screen formatting : ¹Ì¸® Á¤ÀÇµÈ screen formats À» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ±×
          Terminal ÀÇ data ¸¦ Formattting.



     *application to application services:LU-to-LU session ¿¡¼­ µÎ ÀÀ¿ë program
     ÀÌ Åë½ÅÇϴµ¥ °ü°èµÇ´Â services
          i.Network Transparency : »ç¿ëµÈ Network structure or Network protocol
          ÀÇ ÀνľøÀÌ  µÎ Application Program ÀÌ Communicate ÇÒ¼öÀÖ°Ô ÇÔ.
          ii.Database transparency:  Application program ÀÌ DB ÀÇ À§Ä¡¸¦ ¾ËÇÊ¿ä
          °¡ ¾øÀÌ Á¢±ÙÀ» °¡´ÉÇÏ°Ô ÇØÁÜ.
          iii.Synchronization : Application program µéÀÌ ½ÇÇàÇϴµ¥ °ü·ÃµÈ
          Action.

2.Session Network services: Function management ´Â end-user services ¿¡ Ãß°¡ÇÏ
¿© Á¦°øÇϴ°ÍÀ¸·Î½á
		ÁÖ·Î SSCP ¿Í involve Çϸç network activities ÀÇ coordination À» Ãë±Þ
ÇÑ´Ù.

     -4 °¡Áö ÇüÅÂÀÇ services °¡ ÀÖ´Ù.

     1.Session services:session ÀÇ activate, deactivate ¸¦ Áö¿ø (SSCP-to-LU,
     LU-to-LU session ) 
             (CH 23)

          i.verification : ÇØ´ç LU °¡ Session À» ¸¸µå´Â°Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àû´çÇÑ
          Autority ¸¦ °ËÁõ.
          ii.Address conversion : Network name °ú Network address °£ÀÇ
          Converting.
          iii.Protocol choice : Request/Response mode ¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿© Session °£¿¡
          »ç¿ëÇÒ Àû´çÇÑ Protocol °ú Rules ¸¦ °áÁ¤.
          iv.Virtual route choice : ¿äûµÈ Services ÀÇ Á¾·ù¸¦ ±âÃÊ·Î ÇÏ¿© »ç¿ë
          µÉ Virtual route ¸¦ °áÁ¤ÇÔ.
          v.Request queuing : Queuing activation requests that cannot be acted
          on immediately.

     2.Configuration service: Network ÀÇ physical configuration, resources µî¿¡
     °ü°èÇÑ´Ù. (SSCP-PU)   sessionÀû¿ë. (CH25)

          i.Address table maintenance : Network names ¿Í network address ÀÇ
          table À» °ü¸®.
          ii.Status monitering : NAU ¿Í  Communication links ÀÇ Status ¸¦
          Monitoring.
          iii.Network startup and shutdown 
          iv.Link activation and Deactivation
          v.Configuration Alteration
          vi.Program loading and Dumping : Loading programs into nodes and
          dumping the contents of nodes.

     3.Maintenace and management: Network »óÀÇ error ¿Í failure ¿¡ °ü°è. (
     SSCP-LU,SSCP-PU) 
             (CH 27)

          i.Failure testing
          ii.Failure Determination : Determining the causes of failures
          iii.Statistics Gathering : Collecting test results and error
          statistics

     4.Network Operator Services: SSCP ¿Í network operator »çÀÌÀÇ Åë½ÅÀ»
     support ÇÑ´Ù.
          i.Statistics Gathering : Gathering error statistics
          ii.Resource Activation and Deactivation : Activating and deactivating
          network resources
          iii.Network startup and shutdown : Starting and stopping the network
          itself

  (CH 20)

- ƯÁ¤ Session ³»¿¡¼­ÀÇ data flow ÀÇ Integrity ¸¦ °ü¸® ÇÏ´Â ±â´ÉÀ» Á¦°ø.

     *Flow Direction:ÁÖ¾îÁø session ÀÌ ¾ç¹æÇâÀ¸·Î È帣´ÂÁö , ´Ü ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î È帣´Â
     Áö¸¦ °áÁ¤.
     *Chaining:°°Àº ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î Àü¼ÛµÇ´Â request ¸¦ °¡²û Chain À̶ó°í ºÒ¸®´Â Å«
     Unit À¸·Î groupµÊö¾î¼­ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.
     *Bracketing:ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ °ü°èµÈ message ¸¦ Bracket À¸·Î Àü´ÞµÈ´Ù.
     *Interchange Control:session ÀÌ activate µÇ¾î Àִµ¿¾È ¼±Á¤µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â Mode
     ¿¡ µû¶ó request,response ÀÇ Interchange À» Á¦¾îÇÑ´Ù.
     *Interruption:session ÀÌ ¼º¸³µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â µ¿¾È Network user °¡ Interrupt ÇÒ¼ö
     ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù.

 (CH 19)

          *session level pacing:sending unit °¡ receiving unit °¡ ¹ÞÀ»¼ö Àִ°Í
          º¸´Ù ´õ Å« message ¸¦ º¸³¾¼ö ¾øµµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù.
          *Header construction:High levels ·Î ºÎÅÍ ³»·ÁÁø parameters ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ
          ¿© Request/Response header ¸¦ ±¸¼ºÇÑ´Ù.
          *Sequencing Checking:Sequence numbers ´Â request/response units ÀÌ ¿Ã
          ¹Ù¸¥ ¼ø¼­·Î µµÂøÇÏ¿´´Â°¡¸¦ check ÇÑ´Ù.
          *Encryption and Decryption:data ¸¦ º¸³»±â Àü¿¡ encryption ÇÏ°í ¹ÞÀºÈÄ
          ¿¡ decryption .

 (CH 18)

- ÀÌ services ´Â ÁÖ·Î ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº function À» ¼öÇàÇÑ´Ù.

     *Routing:Message unit °¡ À̵¿ÇÒ ´ÙÀ½ Node ¸¦ °áÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù.
     *Header construction:Data link control ¿¡ Àü´ÞÇϱâ Àü¿¡ TH ¸¦  ¸¸µé¾î °¢
     message ¿¡ ºÙÀÓ.
     *Boundary function: Message unit °¡  peripheral node ¿¡¼­ Subarea node ·Î
     Àü´ÞµÉ¶§ local address ¸¦ full address ·Î Translate µÊ.
     *Segmenting and Blocking : Large message ´Â °¡²û segment µÇ°í Small
     message ´Â °¡²û larger blocks ·Î ÇÕÃÄÁö¸ç ÀÌ°ÍÀº Transmission efficiency
     ¸¦ Áõ°¡½ÃÅ´.
     *Message Unit Sequencing:message unit ¿¡ sequence ¸¦ ºÙ¿©  º¸³»Áø µ¿ÀÏÇÑ
     ¼ø¼­·Î µµÂøÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ¸¸µë.
     *Virtual route pacing:ƯÁ¤ virtual route ¸¦ share ÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç session À¸·Î
     ºÎÅÍ È帣´Â traffic À»  Path  control services °¡ Á¶Á¤ ÇÑ´Ù.

 

- Data link control services  ´Â ƯÁ¤ physical circuit À» °æÀ¯ÇÏ´Â Data
transmission ¿¡ °ü°èÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ services ¸¦ ¼öÇàÇϱâÀ§ÇÏ¿© ¼öÇàµÇ´Â Function
Àº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.

     *Header & Trailer construction : DLC ´Â transmission Àü¿¡  Data link
     header ¿Í Data link trailer ¸¦ ¸¸µé°í  check ÇÑ´Ù.

     *Data Transfer :  ÀÌ ±â´ÉÀº data link ¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© data ÀÇ frame À» Àü´ÞÇÑ´Ù.

     *Error detection : °¢ frame ÀÌ µµÂøÇÑÈÄ¿¡ transmission error ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Frame
     check °¡ ¼öÇàµÊ.

     *Retransmission : Error °¡ ¹ß°ßµÈ frame Àº ÀÚµ¿ÀûÀ¸·Î Àç Àü¼ÛµÈ´Ù.

Revision History
Created              on Oct  22 ,1993