e2fsck¸í·É¾î´Â fsck¸í·É¾îÀÇ È®Àå¸í·É¾î¶ó°í ÇÒ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¸®´ª½º¿¡¼ »ç¿ë°¡´ÉÇÑ °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç Á¾·ùÀÇ ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛ("ext2", "ext3", "ext4" µî)ÀÇ Á¡°Ë°ú º¹±¸¸¦ ÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¸í·É¾îÀÌ´Ù.
ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛ ¿À·ù·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© ½Ã½ºÅÛ ºÎÆÃÀÌ Á¤»óÀûÀ¸·Î µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì¿¡ ÀÌ ¸í·É¾î¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀÇ ¿À·ù¸¦ ¼öÁ¤ÇÏ°í Á¤»óÀûÀ¸·Î ºÎÆÃÇÏ´Â °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖ´Ù.
-. e2fsckÁ¾·áÄÚµå
0 = ¿¡·¯¾øÀÌ Á¤»óÀûÀÎ Á¾·á.
1 = ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀ» º¹±¸ÇÏ¿´À½.
2 = ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀÌ º¹±¸µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÌ ÀçºÎÆõǾî¾ßÇÔ.
4 = ÀÛ¾÷´ë»ó ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛ¿¡ ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀÖÀ¸³ª º¹±¸ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ±×´ë·Î µÎ¾úÀ½
8 = ½ÇÇà¿¡·¯
16 = »ç¿ë¹ý(Usage)¶Ç´Â ¹®¹ý(Syntax)¿¡·¯¸¦ ÀǹÌ
32 = e2fsckÀÛ¾÷ÀÌ »ç¿ëÀÚ¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ Ãë¼Ò(Cancle)µÇ¾úÀ½
128 = °øÀ¯ ¶óÀ̺귯¸®(Shared library)¿¡·¯
-. e2fsck¿¡¼ Á¡°ËÇÏ´Â ½ÇÁ¦Ç׸ñµé
1. inodesÁ¡°Ë
2. blocksÁ¡°Ë
3. sizesÁ¡°Ë
4. µð·ºÅ丮±¸Á¶ Á¡°Ë
5. µð·ºÅ丮 ¿¬°á¼ºÁ¡°Ë
6. ÆÄÀϸµÅ© Á¤º¸ Á¡°Ë
7. ÀüüÆÄÀÏ °³¼ö Á¡°Ë
8. Àüüºí·Ï¼öÁß »ç¿ëÁßÀÎ ºí·Ï Á¡°Ë µî
[root@os1 ~]# e2fsck -f -j ext3 /dev/sdb2
e2fsck 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/sdb2: 11/50304 files (9.1% non-contiguous), 1664/100406 blocks
-. ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛ º¹±¸Çϱâ(-b)
¸¸¾à e2fsck·Î ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀÌ ÀÚµ¿º¹±¸ µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© º¹±¸ÇØÁÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¸é ¹°¸®ÀûÀ¸·Î ¹®Á¦ÀÖ´Â ºÎºÐ ÀÌ¿Ü¿¡´Â °ÅÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ °æ¿ì µ¥ÀÌÅͺ¹±¸¸¦ ÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
´Ü, ¸®´ª½ºÀÇ ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛ±¸Á¶¿Í ¼öÆÛºí·Î±×ÀÌ Á¤È®ÇÑ °³³ä, ±×¸®°í ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºÒ·ÏÀÇ À§Ä¡¸¦ ¾Ë¾Æ¾ß¸¸ °¡´ÉÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ´Ù.
-b¿É¼Ç¿¡ "¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·Ï¹øÈ£"¸¦ ÇÔ²² ÁÖ¸é µÈ´Ù.
-b "¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·Ï¹øÈ£"
¸®´ª½ºÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀº ºí·Ï±×·ì(Block group)À̶ó´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ±âº»±¸Á¶¸¦ ÀÌ·ç°í ÀÖ´Ù.
¾Æ·¡´Â /dev/sdbÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ¼öÆÛºí·Ï°ú ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀÇ À§Ä¡¸¦ È®ÀÎÇÑ°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
[root@os1 ~]# dumpe2fs /dev/sdb | grep superblock
dumpe2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Primary superblock at 0, Group descriptors at 1-1
Backup superblock at 32768, Group descriptors at 32769-32769
Backup superblock at 98304, Group descriptors at 98305-98305
Backup superblock at 163840, Group descriptors at 163841-163841
Backup superblock at 229376, Group descriptors at 229377-229377
¸ÞÀμöÆÛºí·Ï = 0
ù¹ø° ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·Ï = 32768
µÎ¹ø° ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·Ï = 98304
¼¼¹ø° ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·Ï = 163840
³×¹ø° ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·Ï = 229376
¸ÞÀμöÆÛºí·ÏÀº 0¹øºí·Ï¿¡ À§Ä¡Çϸç ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀÇ ¸Ç ¾ÕºÎºÐ¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ´Ù. ¸ÞÀμöÆÛºí·Ï¿¡´Â ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀÇ ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÑ Á¤º¸µéÀÌ ÀúÀåµÇ¾î ÀÖ¾î À̺κÐÀÌ ¼Õ»óµÇ¸é ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀÌ Á¤»ó ÀÛµ¿µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
µû¶ó¼, ¸ÞÀμöÆÛºí·ÏÀÌ ¼Õ»óµÇ¾úÀ» °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ±× ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛ¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ÆÄÀϵ鿡 ´ëÇÑ Àбâ/¾²±â°¡ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇØÁø´Ù.
¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·Ï¿¡´Â ¸ÞÀμöÆÛºí·ÏÀÇ ¹é¾÷º»ÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ¸ÞÀμöÆÛºí·ÏÀÌ ¼Õ»óµÇ¾úÀ»°æ¿ì ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¸ÞÀμöÆÛºí·ÏÀ» º¹±¸ÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
µû¶ó¼ ¸ÞÀμöÆÛºí·ÏÀ» º¹±¸ÇÏ´Â ¼ø¼¸¦ º»´Ù¸é,
ù¹ø° ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀ¸·Î º¹±¸µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ»°æ¿ì µÎ¹ø° ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀ¸·Î º¹±¸ÇÑ´Ù.
µÎ¹ø° ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀ¸·Î º¹±¸µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ»°æ¿ì ¼¼¹ø° ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀ¸·Î º¹±¸ÇÑ´Ù.
¼¼¹ø° ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀ¸·Î º¹±¸µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ»°æ¿ì ³×¹ø° ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀ¸·Î º¹±¸ÇÑ´Ù.
»ý·«....
ÀÌ»ó°ú °°ÀÌ ÆÄƼ¼Ç(ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛ)ÀÇ ¿ë·®ÀÌ Å©¸é Ŭ¼ö·Ï ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀÇ °³¼öµµ ¸¹¾ÆÁö°Ô µÈ´Ù.
¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¸ÞÀμöÆÛºí·ÏÀ» º¹±¸ÇÏ·ÁÇÒ °æ¿ì ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀÇ ºí·Ï¹øÈ£¸¦ ¾Ë°í ÀÖ¾î¾ßÇÑ´Ù.
À§¿¡¼ º»°Í°ú °°ÀÌ ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀÇ ºí·Ï¹øÈ£¸¦ È®ÀÎÇÏ·Á¸é dumpe2fs /dev/sdb | grep superblock¸í·É¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù.
>¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¸ÞÀμöÆÛºí·ÏÀ» º¹±¸ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý
ù¹ø° ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ º¹±¸ : e2fsck -b 32768 /dev/sdb
µÎ¹ø° ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ º¹±¸ : e2fsck -b 98304 /dev/sdb
¼¼¹ø° ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ º¹±¸ : e2fsck -b 163840 /dev/sdb
³×¹ø° ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ º¹±¸ : e2fsck -b 229376 /dev/sdb
»ý·«...
º¹±¸ÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤¿¡¼ ³Ê¹« ¸¹Àº "FIx?" ¿Í °°Àº Áú¹®ÀÌ ¹Ýº¹µÈ´Ù¸é, -y¿É¼Ç°ú -p¿É¼ÇÀ» ÇÔ²² »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ´Ù.
¸ÞÀμöÆÛºí·ÏÀ» º¹±¸ ÇÒ¶§ -f¿É¼ÇÀ» ÇÔ²² »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é º¸´Ù °·ÂÇÑ °Á¦º¹±¸¸¦ ¼öÇàÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
[root@os1 ~]# e2fsck -f -j ext3 -b 32768 /dev/sdb -y
e2fsck 1.39 (29-May-2006)
/dev/sdb is mounted.
WARNING!!! Running e2fsck on a mounted filesystem may cause
SEVERE filesystem damage.
Do you really want to continue (y/n)? yes
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
Free blocks count wrong for group #0 (23981, counted=17397).
Fix? yes
Free blocks count wrong (249499, counted=242915).
Fix? yes
Free inodes count wrong for group #0 (16373, counted=16157).
Fix? yes
Free inodes count wrong (131061, counted=130845).
Fix? yes
/dev/sdb: ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED *****
/dev/sdb: 227/131072 files (0.4% non-contiguous), 19229/262144 blocks
»ç¿ëÇÑ ¸í·É¾î¸¦ »ìÆ캸°Ú´Ù.
e2fsck : ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛ Á¡°Ë/º¹±¸
-f : °Á¦ Á¡°Ë/º¹±¸
-j ext3 : ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀÌ ext3Çü½ÄÀÓÀ» ÁöÁ¤
-b 32768 : ºí·Ï¹øÈ£ 32768ÀΠù¹ø° ¹é¾÷¼öÆÛºí·ÏÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¸ÞÀμöÆÛºí·ÏÀ» º¹±¸
/dev/sdb : º¹±¸ÇÏ·Á´Â ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛ(ÀåÄ¡)
-y : "Fix?"¿¡ ¹«Á¶°Ç yes¶ó°í ÀÀ´äÇϵµ·Ï ¼³Á¤
#mke2fsȤÀº mkfs¸í·É¾î¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀ» »ý¼ºÇÑÈÄ¿¡ "lost+fount"¶ó´Â µð·ºÅ丮°¡ »ý¼ºµÈ´Ù. ÀÌ µð·ºÅ丮´Â ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀÇ Á¡°ËÀÛ¾÷ °á°ú·Î ¿¬°áµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ ÀúÀåÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â Àå¼ÒÀÌ´Ù.
ÆÄÀϸí°ú ÆÄÀÏÀ§Ä¡°¡ Á¤È®Çϱâ ÆľǵÇÁö ¾Ê¾Æ¼ Àӽ÷Πº¸°üÇصа÷ÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ e2fsck·Îµµ º¹±¸µÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ÆÄÀϵéÀº ÀÌ µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ º¸¸é ¼ýÀÚ·Î µÈ ÆÄÀϵéÀÌ ´Ù¼ö Á¸ÀçÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ½À» º¼¼ö ÀÖÀ»°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ÆÄÀϵéÀº catÀ̳ª viµîÀ¸·Î ¿¾îº¸¸é ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ÆÄÀϳ»¿ë°ú °ÅÀÇ À¯»çÇÔÀ» ¾Ë¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
µû¶ó¼ ºÒ°¡ÇÇÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â "lost+found"³»¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¼ýÀÚ·Î µÈ ÆÄÀϵéÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î Çϳª¾¿ º¹±¸ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖ´Ù.
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